Study On The Influencing Factors Of Community Park Health Benefits Based On Environmental Behavior And Landscape Perception

With the rapid development of urbanization in China,the health problems of urban residents also show the characteristics of frequent chronic diseases and general sub-health.In 2014,China published the "Healthy China" 2030 strategy,and more and more scholars began to pay attention to the healthy development of cities.Scholars of urban planning,landscape architecture and architecture in the subject group of human settlements pay special attention to the relationship between urban environment and residents’ health.Based on the theory that natural environment can effectively improve the health status of residents,green space,as the main form of natural environment in the city,plays an important role in improving the health status of urban residents.Many scholars have studied that the characteristics of urban parks in different aspects are the key factors affecting residents’ health,but there is still a lack of systematic combing of the characteristics of urban parks that affect residents’ health.The research progress of urban green space and residents’ health is analyzed and summarized.Including the analysis of urban green space and health research hotspots,the characteristics of urban green space affecting residents’ health,and the health benefits formed and the main ways of influence.It is concluded that the main factors influencing the health benefits of community park are the accessibility、spatial characteristics and main landscape of community park.This paper takes Huilongguan and Tiantongyuan(hereinafter referred to as "Huitian" area)in Changping District of Beijing as the research objects,and adopts various research methods such as literature analysis,questionnaire survey,behavior observation and photo measurement.The main conclusions are as follows:First,based on the pedestrian traffic mode,the community green space in Huitian District of Beijing has reached 9.57%,28.45% and 21.79% respectively in 5 minutes,10 minutes and 15 minutes,which is59.80% in total;the community green space based on bicycle traffic mode has reached 27.71%,37.82%and 24.36% respectively,which is 89.89%.The service capacity of community green space is high,but because of the uneven distribution of green space in the region,the high density of residents,the load of community green space is large.Therefore,the planning of community park should consider the location and population density of residential area.Secondly,five community parks with different levels and characteristics in Huitian district were selected,and the behavioral characteristics of residents were introduced into the causal relationship between community parks and residents’ health recovery.By analyzing the correlation between the spatial characteristics of community park and the characteristics of residents’ behavior,this paper explores the spatial characteristics of supporting residents’ behavior activities,so as to improve the utilization rate of residents’ green space and improve residents’ health.The higher the proportion of the natural elements such as the green coverage rate and the number of theme colors in the community park space to the facilities such as seats and garbage cans,the more active residents in the space.Therefore,in the design of park space,we should pay attention to the shaping of covering space,create colorful plant landscape and configure sufficient facilities.Thirdly,considering that the residents’ perception of environment is mainly based on vision,the subjects are selected to perceive through the park scene photos,and their perceived recovery and heart rate variability are measured to explore the correlation between park landscape characteristics and residents’ health recovery.The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the area of natural elements in the community park landscape,including the area of trees,shrubs and lawns,and the recovery degree of the subjects;In the community park landscape,the related indicators of facility elements,including the number of elements,facility area,surrounding element area,were negatively correlated with the recovery degree.The research shows that the natural elements in the community park landscape can improve the health recovery benefits of residents,so in the community park landscape design,we pay attention to the construction of plant landscape.The impact of community park on Residents’ health has been confirmed by many studies,but the specific impact factors and impact path need to be improved.This paper only discusses the impact of some elements of community park design,aiming to guide residents’ behavior support and residents’ health recovery of community park design and transformation.