Research On The Impact Of Green Trade Barriers On My Country’s Export Trade And Countermeasures

In the process of economic globalization,the issue of environmental protection has become more and more prominent.At the same time,as the economic strength of developing countries continues to grow,their status in the international market is gradually improving,which has created tremendous pressure on developed countries.Out of the needs of trade protection and national interests,developed countries have begun to accelerate the promotion of green trade barriers.Among them,the gradual expansion of global carbon dioxide emissions has created a historical opportunity for the emergence of carbon tariffs.Many developed countries have used environmental protection as an excuse to impose special tariffs on carbon dioxide emissions on imports of energy-intensive products imported from developing countries.Will carbon tariffs have a significant impact on China’s export trade? This question is difficult to judge theoretically and needs to be answered empirically.Through the study of carbon tariffs,a new type of trade barrier,this article will,on the one hand,help to deeply understand the political and economic games in the process of economic globalization.On the other hand,the implementation of carbon tariffs can also be used as a reversing mechanism to promote China to accelerate the implementation and pace of its innovation-driven national strategy.Before empirical analysis,this article analyzes the formation mechanism of green trade and the potential impact of carbon tariffs from a theoretical level.Among them,the carbon tariff is a new type of trade barrier based on environmental protection.When countries are engaged in global trade,in order to maximize their profits,the pollution cost of direct production of carbon dioxide in the production process of their products is not included in the product cost.According to the externality theory and the Pigovian tax principle,the carbon tariff is proposed to solve this negative externality behavior.At the same time,due to differences in the emissions of different companies,Pigovian taxes are levied by setting different standards,thereby internalizing externalities.In addition,the implementation of carbon tariffs will also affect the development of trading countries in terms of trade volume and trade effects.On the one hand,due to the implementation of carbon tariffs,the scale of trade is reduced and the quantity is restricted;on the other hand,due to the implementation of carbon tariffs,it will stimulate exporting countries to seek new export markets,change export paths,and achieve trade diversion effects.In the empirical process,this paper uses the amount of embodied carbon in China’s industrial manufacturing products as an indicator to measure carbon tariffs.After calculating the embodied carbon content,this paper conducts an empirical analysis on the relevant panel data based on the gravity model.First,the empirical research on developed countries found that there is a significant positive correlation between the logarithm of embodied carbon and the logarithm of China’s export trade to developed countries.The results of the benchmark regression show that once the carbon tariff is implemented,it will restrict China’s exports to developed countries.Secondly,this article conducts an empirical analysis of China’s export trade volume with developed and developing countries.The results of the fixed effect regression show that the widespread implementation of carbon tariffs on a global scale will have a greater adverse impact on China’s exports.Third,the current carbon tariffs originate from developed countries.With this in mind,this article conducts a counterfactual test based on how carbon tariffs affect China’s exports to developing countries.The results show that once developing countries generally impose carbon tariffs on China’s exports,they will have a deeper negative impact on China’s exports.Finally,considering that there may be inertia or lagging effects in China’s foreign export trade volume,this paper further uses differential GMM for robustness testing.The estimation results of differential GMM show that even taking into account the inertia of China’s export trade itself,carbon tariffs measured by embodied carbon will still have a significant impact on China’s export trade volume.From the results of the empirical and robustness tests in this article,we can see that the implementation of carbon tariffs will have a significant adverse effect on China ’ s export trade,whether it is in terms of China ’ s exports to developed countries or in terms of overall Chinese exports.The further expansion of China’s export trade.Therefore,governments and enterprises can take corresponding measures internationally and domestically: internationally,actively participate in the formulation of international green trade rules and carbon emission standards,actively respond to various policies of the international community,and safeguard the relevant interests of all countries in the world.Second,an early warning mechanism can be established to strengthen enterprises ’ understanding of international environmental standards and to do a good job of prevention.In China,legislation can be carried out,starting from the source,and a sound green trade mechanism can be formulated;the mode of trade growth can also be changed by adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure;finally,it can also be actively looking for new alternative energy sources and developing new low-carbon energy sources.,To reduce carbon dioxide emissions.In addition,the counterfactual test results of the potential impact of carbon tariffs on China’s trade with developing countries show that carbon tariffs have an inverse effect on China’s reduction of carbon emissions.In response to this phenomenon,in addition to the aforementioned measures such as the understanding of rules,China should also change the growth mode of my country’s economy,expand domestic demand,and reduce export dependence,so that the economy can develop steadily and long-term.