Evaluating Tourism Environmental Carrying Capacity For City In The Context Of Overtourism

Nowadays,with the further development of economic globalization,the world tourism industry has entered the golden period.However,in recent years,the explosive growth of tourism has brought many challenges in economic,social and cultural aspects while promoting the economic development of countries and local areas.These challenges gradually become a great resistance to the development of the city.At present,some typical tourism cities have been labeled as "overtourism".In view of this,measuring the tourism environmental capacity of typical tourism for cities in the context of overtourism is an important basis to cope with the above challenges and promote the sustainable development of urban tourism.It is of theoretical significance to integrate the negative impact of overtourism into the evaluation system of tourism environmental capacity for cities,enrich and expand the research connotation and research scope of this topic.On the basis of combing the research trends at home and abroad,this paper first defines the concept of tourism environmental carrying capacity for city,and illustrates the manifestations and causes of overtourism.Then,on the basis of domestic research,it constructs the evaluation index system of tourism environmental carrying capacity for city from the natural,economic and social dimensions in the context of overtourism,and divides the grade standards for it.Comprehensive evaluation of tourism environmental carrying capacity in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou was carried out by using comprehensive weight method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method(2013-2018).The main obstacles to the improvement of tourism environmental carrying capacity in these three cities were found by using obstacle factor analysis method,and then corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve tourism environmental carrying capacity and promote the sustainable development of tourism for these cities.This study found that:(1)From 2013 to 2018,the tourism environmental carrying capacity for city in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou showed an increasing trend,basically in a saturated state.(2)Among the factors that restrict the improvement of the carrying capacity of tourism environment for the three cities,besides the influence of the large size of their own population,the accommodation capacity of tourism is the most prominent common factor among them.In addition,the over-concentration of tourists in the central city,the pressure of urban public transportation caused by the influx of tourists,and the seasonal arrival of tourists are the main constraints for the improvement of tourism environmental carrying capacity in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou,respectively.(3)Therefore,the suggestions are as follow:(1)Beijing: First,reasonably layout and construct diversified accommodation facilities,strengthen the management and service of accommodation reception;second,reinforce the guidance and management of residents;third,enhance the management and education of tourists.(2)Shanghai: First,optimize the construction of traffic network in central city,and build a whole-journey tourism service system;second,accelerate the development strategy of all-for-one tourism,actively develop leisure tourism and cruise tourism in the suburbs of Shanghai,and further realize the spatial diversion of tourists;third,standardize the order of the tourism market and improve the quality of travel agency products.(3)Guangzhou: First,expand the scale of tourism accommodation industry and create diversified tourism accommodation industry formats;Second,refine the tourist market,strengthen the guidance and management of tourists in the off-season season,and realize the seasonal diversion of tourists;Third,strengthen the regulation and control of the resident population in the new and old urban areas,improve the public service and management mechanism,optimize the living environment and improve the quality of life of residents.