| The impact of human activities on ecological resources plays an important role in regional sustainable development,so that it is of great significance to clarify the relationship between them and put forward specific suggestions to realize the regional sustainable development strategy.The Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)is a typical demonstration area that adheres to ecological priority development in China,which provides a large number of ecological resource services.With the continuous strengthening of regional connections,the YREB has gradually formed a spatial development pattern centered on urban agglomerations.However,with the rapid development of social economy and new urbanization,a series of problems restricting the sustainable development of urban agglomerations have become increasingly prominent.Based on natural resource data,energy data,socio-economic data,etc.from 2000 to 2015,this study applies a three-dimensional ecological footprint model to research the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the ecological footprint and carrying capacity of the three urban agglomerations in the YREB.At the same time,this study researches on the pressure index of water resources and ecological resources,and uses the Gini coefficient to analyze the spatial balance of the ecological footprint of the Middle Yangtze City Group.Then the principal component regression analysis is carried out to explore the main driving factors affecting the ecological footprint.Finally,we use the above results to establish an ecological compensation plan.It is expected to provide decision-making basis for the ecological environment protection and regional sustainable development of the YREB.The main results are as follows:(1)From 2000 to 2015,the ecological footprint of the urban agglomerations in the YREB continues to increase with a growth rate of 54.34%(increases from 2.19 hm2/per to 3.38 hm2/per).The Yangtze River Delta City Group and the Middle Yangtze City Group account for the main parts of the regional ecological footprint.Ecological carrying capacity decreases from 0.205 hm2/per to 0.189 hm2/per,and the cultivated land and forest land are the main contributors to land use types.Pressures on water resources and ecological resources have an upward trend,but the pressure on ecological resources is far greater than that on water resource pressure.(2)For the Middle Yangtze City Group,the comprehensive Gini coefficient of the ecological footprint is between 0.425-0.488,which is in the range of "large agglomeration" as a whole.The relationship among population,economy,water resources and ecological footprint development is not coordinated,and the spatial distribution is not consistent.Regard the YREB as a whole,the ecological footprint of GDP per capita and the ecological footprint of urban and rural residents have declined,and the efficiency of ecological resource utilization is gradually improving.However,the GDP per capita and the consumption level of urban and rural residents are still the main driving factors of changes in the ecological footprint.The importance of these factors is between 0.127-0.203.(3)As far as ecological compensation is concerned,the Yangtze River Delta City Group(-320.74 billion yuan)is the compensation payer,and the Middle Yangtze City Group(228.35 billion yuan)and the Chengdu-Chongqing City Group(92.39 billion yuan)are the beneficiaries of the compensation.In general,the YREB is in an ecologically unsustainable state of development,which is mainly restricted by the rapid economic development and the improvement of people’s living standards.It is expected that the results of this study could provide scientific suggestions for the sustainable development of the YREB and also have valuable enlightenment for other mega-regions. |
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