Study On The Quantification Of Cultivated Land Ecological Compensation Value In The Yangtze River Economic Belt

Agriculture has long been the main industry in the Yangtze River,which is important for economic development and also makes great contributions to ensuring national food security.Cultivated land is the lifeblood and foundation of grain production.The Yangtze River Economic Belt is blessed with abundant agricultural production resources,which has 33 percent of the cultivated land and supports 50 percent of the agricultural population.However,in the context of accelerating urbanization,rapid economic growth brings the damage of cultivated land ecosystem inevitably.Moreover,because people have been excessively pursuing the economic benefits of cultivated land for a long time,they have seriously ignored the potential ecological value,which leads to the excessive non-grain or even non-agricultural conversion of cultivated land.The strategic positioning of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as "one thing affects the whole body" determines that the ecological protection of cultivated land must be placed in a priority position.The ecological security of cultivated land in the Yangtze River is related to the overall situation,so we must adhere to the development in the protection and protection in the development.Scientific and reasonable quantification of cultivated land ecological value is the premise and foundation of implementing ecological compensation,which is the main way to correct the externality of cultivated land protection and promote its internalization.It is of great significance for coordinating the relationship between the cultivated land stakeholders.Furthermore,it is conducive to protecting the cultivated land ecosystem and ensuring the stable development of economy,and finally realizing the virtuous cycle of sustainable utilization and protection.This study is based on variety of theories in ecology and economics,then analyzes the achievements and deficiencies of the current research through a comprehensive review of domestic and foreign research results.The author tries to build the cultivated land ecological compensation value accounting system,to conduct the thorough research to the Yangtze River Economic Belt of cultivated land ecological value.The traditional cultivated land ecological footprint model has the disadvantage of the static closed system hypothesis and the equilibrium factor and yield factor of "global hectare" cannot reflect the temporal and spatial differences.In this paper,we need to re-calculate the "national hectare" correction factor,and construct the "consumption-output" model.Base on this model,the following three accounts of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2018 are calculated respectively,they are consumption ecological footprint 、 output ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity accounts.Then,according to the relationship among the three,the index of sustainable bearing capacity is constructed to represent the ecological profit and loss of cultivated land,and to carry out ecological zoning.Based on the “cost-benefit” analysis framework,the calculated results of equivalent factor method and opportunity cost method are taken as the upper and lower limits of cultivated land ecological compensation standard.The maximum-minimum method is used to determine the final compensation standard.Finally,the value model modified by the ecological compensation coefficient is superimposed on the priority model,and the "five zones map" is formulated to improve the compensation efficiency and achieve ecological goals.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The equilibrium factor and yield factor of "national hectare" cultivated land decline in volatility.The yield factor of provinces shows regional heterogeneity,which shows an increasing trend in the upstream,midstream and downstream region."Consumption-output" ecological footprint model can better reflect the regional reality than the traditional model.The overall ecological condition of cultivated land in the Yangtze River Economic Belt continued is improved,the sustainable loss is from negative to positive,and the annual surplus increases year by year.The spatial sustainable bearing capacity of cultivated land shows a pattern of rich in the middle and upper reaches and poor in the lower reaches.(2)As the differences of cultivated land resources and social-economic development,the provinces and cities with high value of cultivated land ecosystem service value and opportunity cost are mainly distributed in the Middle and Lower Yangtze Plain,and both of them show an increasing trend.The value of cultivated land ecological compensation corrected by the ecological compensation coefficient experiences an "up-down-up" change,and the distribution has a strong correlation with the sustainable capacity.The cultivated land ecosystem provides more ecological services than the demand,and the total amount of cultivated land ecological compensation exceeds the total amount of payment in 2012.(3)The priority model can be superimposed with the value model to define the urgency and contribution of regional compensation.Based on this,the optimal and most effective compensation region is selected,and the "five zones map" is formulated.The results showed that Shanghai and Zhejiang are in the priority and potential payment respectively,Chongqing and Guizhou are from the potential payment to the ecological balance region;Jiangsu and Hubei have been among the priority region,Anhui and Sichuan have always been located in compensation region and have experienced the change from the potential to priority,Jiangxi and Hunan have shifted from ecological balance region to potential compensation,Yunnan fluctuates between potential compensation and ecological balance region.