Measurement And Influencing Factor Analysis Of Total Carbon Emission Of Household Consumption Based On Spatial Effects

Since the second half of the 20th century,more and more attention has been paid to the environmental problems caused by excessive carbon dioxide emissions.As the largest developing country and the second largest economy in the world,China has also become the top carbon emitter with huge pressure on emission reduction,playing a global participant role responding to climate change trends.In the past,the energy conservation and emission reduction measures in China were mainly concentrated in the production sector,but with the decreasing marginal effect,the space for emission reduction was narrowed and the difficulty was intensified.As a result,the focus of emission reduction was gradually transferred to the consumer sector.At present,as the urbanization process in China continues to accelerate,the contradiction between expanding consumption and energy conservation as well as emission reduction is increasingly prominent.The rapid development of the Internet has also diversified residents’ consumption patterns.Therefore,it is essential to comprehensively calculate the carbon emissions of residents’ consumption and analyze the influencing factors,so as to reduce carbon consumption of residents and alleviate emission pressure from root causes.In this study,the carbon emission coefficient method and consumer lifestyle approach(CLA)are applied to measure the total carbon emissions of household consumption in 30 provinces of China from 2008 to 2017.Furthermore,the spatial Durbin model is employed to analyze the influencing factors on total carbon emissions of per capita household consumption based on spatial spillover effects.The conclusions can be summarized as follows.(1)From 2008 to 2017,the direct and indirect carbon emissions of residents’ consumption in China both show a rapid growth trend as well as a decreasing spatial distribution from north to south with obvious regional differences.(2)As for the main source of carbon emissions of residents’ consumption in China,the direct emissions are mostly located in electricity and coal consumption,while the indirect mainly come from the three high carbon consumption categories,namely residence,food,and transportation.(3)The total carbon emissions of China’s per capita consumption reveal a significant spatial correlation,among which the northern region presents a "high-high" aggregation mode and the southern region inclines towards a "low-low" aggregation mode.(4)According to spillover effects in the spatial Durbin model,the number of Internet users and the intensity of carbon emissions can exert a negative inhibitory impact on the total carbon consumption per capita of residents in neighboring areas.On the contrary,the gender ratio(female=100),industrial structure and cargo turnover may impose a significant positive stimulation on the total carbon emissions per capita consumption in the neighboring regions.The innovation of this study is mainly reflected in the following three aspects.Firstly,in terms of the research content,the total carbon emissions of China’s household consumption from 2008 to 2017 are calculated on the inter-provincial level,of which the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics are comprehensively illustrated.Secondly,for the research means,the carbon emission coefficient method and consumer lifestyle approach(CLA)are utilized to measure total carbon emissions of household consumption,which makes up for the shortcomings that input-output data lack the ability of calculation in a continuous time interval.Besides,the spatial Durbin model is further adopted to explore the driving factors on total carbon emissions of per capita household consumption.Thirdly,regarding the selection of influencing indicators,since the rapid development of the Internet has rendered a significant impact on the consumption mode of residents,the effect of changes in Internet factors is incorporated into the spatial panel model.