Study On Ecological Environmental Protection Monitoring Of The Yellow River Wetland In Baotou

In this paper,the physical and chemical properties of soil of the Yellow River wetland in Baotou and their correlation were analyzed through field investigation.Based on SPOT5 remote sensing data of 2005,2010 and 2015,combined with electronic maps of the Yellow River wetland in Baotou,remote sensing technology was used to dynamically monitor the changes in landscape pattern of the Yellow River wetland in Baotou in the past 10 years,and the impacts of changes of the Yellow River wetland in Baotou on ecological environment were also studied.The results are as follows:(1)Through the analysis of soil physical and chemical properties,it is concluded that the PH value of soil in each layer of Baotou Yellow River wetland is greater than 7,and the soil in the study area belongs to alkaline soil.The total salt content of YD01 is 7,4,12,6 times higher than that of YD02,YD03,YD04 and YD05,indicating that the soil salinization of YD01 is serious.(2)According to the correlation analysis of soil PHysical and chemical properties,the correlation between soil bulk density,porosity,water content,organic matter,PH and other physical and chemical factors is significant(P<0.05).soil water content,organic matter,PH value of Baotou yellow river wetland play a key role in the comprehensive performance of soil physical and chemical properties.(3)Through landscape index analysis,transfer matrix analysis of land use types and calculation of ecological function index,the ecosystem health of Baotou Yellow River wetland was studied to be in a declining state during the decade 2005-2015.The water area of Baotou Yellow River wetland in 2005,2010 and 2015 is 81.15hm2,66.47 hm2 and 52.42 hm2 respectively,and the cultivated area is 37.67hm2,51.37hm2 and 67.64hm2 respectively.The water area gradually decreases and the cultivated area gradually increases.As a result of the extensive reclamation of farmland and the occupation of some wasteland and inland beaches,the water area has been shrinking.With the development of tourism in Baotou Yellow River wetland,the area of rural residential areas and roads is increasing.In addition,the Baotou Yellow River wetland continues to build artificial forests.The increase of forested land has improved the ecological function of Baotou Yellow River wetland to a certain extent.From 2005 to 2015,the complexity of the landscape shape of Baotou Yellow River wetland is increasing,and the degree of landscape fragmentation is gradually increasing,which will affect the living environment of animal resources and destroy the diversity of animal resources.Due to the increase of human interference activities,the diversity of plant resources will be destroyed to some extent.The transfer of land use types will affect the biological types living in wetlands to a certain extent due to the replacement of new habitats,thus causing changes in landscape dominance index,diversity index and evenness index.From 2005 to 2015,the land use types of Baotou Yellow River wetland will be transferred from waters with high ecological function and low ecological vulnerability to cultivated lands with low ecological function and high ecological vulnerability,which will affect the biological types living in the wetland to a certain extent due to the replacement of new habitat environment,resulting in the reduction of biodiversity,thus leading to the reduction of the overall ecological function and restoration ability of the wetland and the reduction of the health degree of the ecosystem...