The Analysis Of The Yellow River Delta Wetland Landscape During The Past20Years

Wetlands are important land resources and natural resources, it is not only aplace where energy and material exchange, it is also the most biologically diverseecological landscape and one of the most important human living environment.Wetlandhas multiple functions as forests, cultivated land and ocean. On the one hand, it canprovide various kinds of material resources for human production and life, on theother hand, it has great environmental function and benefit, such as flood storage,runoff regulation, pollution control, climate regulation, soil erosion control andbeautify the environment.Therefore it is known as the “kidney of the earth”, and issubject to a wide range of worldwide concern.This article use the principle of landscape ecology as the theoretical basis, it alsouse the RS and GIS technology to the dynamic analyse the Yellow River Deltawetland landscape pattern and its variation dynamically from the1990-2011period,exploring the driving force which caused the change of landscape pattern from bothnatural and human factors, and then put forward the Yellow River Delta wetlandprogram of ecosystem health recovery.First of all, according to the characteristics of the Yellow River Delta wetlandlandscape, using GIS and RS software to extract the maps of the Yellow River Deltawetland resorces classification and analyze the dynamic changes of landscape patternof Yellow River Delta wetland during the past20years by the FRAGSTATSsoftware. The results showed that: from the1990-2011period, the total area ofwetlands increased year by year, the proportion of artificial wetland area increasedwhile the natural wetland reduced.The wetland patch types are more abundant anddiversified, the fragmentation of wetland landscape intensified year by year, eachpatch type uniformly distributed in the landscape. During the20years, the wetlandand non-wetland, wetland and wetland undergone a transformation between eachother,.The natural wetlands of wings Suaeda meadow, reed meadow and tamariskshrub transformed into the artificial wetlands of yantian, water aquiculture,on agriculture under the fisheriesin in different degrees; a large number of wetlands transformed into farmland; wetland and wetland undergone a transformation betweeneach other.Secondly, exploring the driving force which caused the change of landscapepattern from both natural and human factors. The main natural factors are the fragileecological environment, the Yellow River flow, storm surges and other naturaldisasters. Human factors are the irrational land use, oil developmentand, unreasonablewater use and management of water resources, environmental pollution caused by thewater pollution.s...