Changes In The Landscape Pattern Of Wetlands In The Yellow River Basin Of Inner Mongolia And Its Impact On The Vaule Of Wetland Ecosystem Services

The Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia is located at the end of the upper reaches and the starting point of the middle reaches of the Yellow River,and has an important ecological location advantage.However,under the continuous influence of human activities,its landscape pattern and ecosystem service functions have changed significantly,and the wetland ecosystem in the basin is particularly significant,which directly affects Inner Mongolia.Ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.In this paper,the wetland ecosystem of the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia is the research area.Based on FRAGSTATS software,equivalent factor method and field survey sampling,this paper studies the changes of wetland landscape pattern and the service value of wetland ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia from 1990 to 2020,and then analyzes the landscape.The impact of pattern evolution on the service value of wetland ecosystems in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia.In this study,the following research findings are presented:（1）From 1990 to 2020,the rivers,lakes,salinized meadows,herbaceous marsh,woody wetlands and bare land in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia decreased by 616.56 km2,148.68 km2,228.14 km2,166.28 km2,34.07 km2 and 1626.84 km2,respectively.The areas of reservoirs,pit ponds,saline-alkali bare land,and grass meadows increased by 35.95 km2,103.93 km2,181.08 km2,and 291.02 km2,respectively.The degree of landscape fragmentation in the study area continued to increase,and the landscape type structure became more complex.（2）From 1990 to 2020,the total value of wetland ecosystem services in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia decreased by 1146.09 billion yuan,and the value of woody wetlands,salinized meadows,herbaceous marsh,rivers,lakes,bare land and pits and ponds decreased;grass meadow and reservoir showed an increasing trend;the value of saline alkali bare land has hardly changed.The main dominant landscapes in the study area are herbaceous marsh,rivers and lakes.The main service function is to maintain biodiversity and water resources supply.（3）Patch density,landscape fragmentation,Shannon diversity index,and Shannon evenness index are adversely connected with total value of wetland ecosystem services in Inner Mongolia’s Yellow River Basin,but border density and spreading index are positively correlated.Improving the value of wetland ecosystem services in Inner Mongolia’s Yellow River Basin requires a sensible landscape layout.The results of this paper can provide scientific basis and technical support for the optimal allocation of wetland landscape space in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia and the restoration and reconstruction of degraded wetland ecosystems.