Study On Wind Environment Characteristics And Optimization Of Rural Courtyards In Central And Western Inner Mongolia

The wind environment of rural residential courtyard is the basis of studying courtyard microenvironment and building thermal process.Under the background of New Rural Construction and Rural Revitalization strategies,this paper focuses on exploring courtyard residential forms that can effectively improve the courtyard microenvironment and suitable for villagers' life mode,and strive to improve the quality of life of residents on the basis of improving their living standards.At present,the renovation of residential buildings in villages and towns mostly focuses on the subjective functional needs,and the fundamental impact mechanism of improving the design and dynamic adjustment of the living environment is still lack of in-depth research.This paper is to explore the air flow mechanism between the main building body,building components and courtyard in the village courtyard.Firstly,the statistical law of local mesoscale wind environment is deeply analyzed.On the premise of clarifying the architectural characteristics of typical residential buildings in local villages and towns,the hydrodynamic relationship between the building components such as balcony and veranda and the main building body is studied in detail.Finally,the most suitable building strategy of courtyard wind environment is determined.Through the investigation of rural houses in the suburbs of Hohhot,it is found that the local village houses have a typical courtyard form,that is,the "II" enclosed courtyard of cool house,courtyard and main house.Most of the main houses are twostory buildings.The balcony on the second floor separates the facade of the main building from the eaves gallery space on the upper and lower floors.The courtyard space combined with the courtyard wall constitutes the outdoor activity space in the daily life of residents.According to the results of this research,this study choose the test object reasonably,establish the building physical model,and further carry out the experiment and simulation research.Through the field experiments,the current situation and problems of the wind environment in the courtyard of local villages and towns were comprehensively understood,and the outdoor macro wind environment of local villages and towns was analyzed from the wind speed profile,wind speed probability distribution,wind speed and wind direction rose diagram and other dimensions.The measured results show that the semi enclosed balcony can enhance the building ventilation.In winter,the average wind speed of the semi enclosed courtyard is 18.8% higher than that of the traditional courtyard,in summer it can be as high as 29.6%,and in transition season it can be as high as 15.6%.At the same time,the wind environment of typical courtyard in different seasons is consistent with the numerical simulation results,which shows that the semi enclosed balcony has better air flow guidance,can effectively enhance the ventilation and create a better living environment under the condition of meeting the pedestrian comfort.Further,orthogonal analysis has been used to analysis the most significant factors affecting the courtyard wind environment and the interaction between all levels of factors are obtained.Finally,the optimal combination of balcony form is analyzed and verified by actual measurement.The double-layer semi closed balcony with depth of 1.5m can create a better living environment.