Spatial Pattern Characteristics And Layout Optimization Of Rural Settlements In Karst Mountains

Taking Guizhou Province as an example,based on high-precision remote sensing images,using GIS spatial analysis methods combined with qualitative and quantitative analysis methods,the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in Guizhou Province were analyzed from the two scales of the whole area and patch,and discussed Based on the influencing factors of the spatial distribution characteristics,the suitability evaluation index system is constructed to explore the current status of the suitability of rural settlements in Guizhou Province,and based on the current status of land-use suitability,the optimal strategy for the layout of rural settlements in Guizhou Province is proposed.(1)On the whole,the distribution of rural settlements in Guizhou Province is in the direction of "southwest-northeast",with roads,rivers,and central cities,and is an agglomeration distribution pattern,with an average nearest neighbor index of 0.41,and more than 90% of the counties belong to the distribution of agglomeration machines;From the perspective of patches,the rural settlements in Guizhou Province are dominated by medium-scale and relatively regular forms,accounting for53.94% and 54.62% of the rural settlements in the province respectively,and they are distributed and agglomerated.The results of land use proportion,spatial autocorrelation and nuclear density analysis show that the agglomeration effect of rural settlements of different scales and forms in the whole province of Guizhou Province is significant,and the overall agglomeration is higher in the north and lower in the south,and in the central and north-south areas.The types of agglomeration in different regions are different.The central area is dominated by large-scale and regular rural settlements,the north is dominated by small-scale and complex rural settlements,and the south is dominated by large-scale and complex rural settlements.(2)The spatial distribution of rural settlements in Guizhou Province is affected by the combination of natural,location,and socio-economic factors.They are mainly distributed in the dissolution-eroded mid-mountain landforms with an elevation of 600?1500m,a slope of8?15°,and a topographic undulation of 200?500m and dissolution dominated hilly landforms,and areas with high accessibility of waters,roads,and towns,as well as high population density and per capita GDP.Different influencing factors,the density of rural settlements and the proportion of land use will also have certain differences.(3)The evaluation results of the land use suitability of rural settlements in Guizhou Province show that the land use suitability of rural settlements in Guizhou Province is relatively poor,which are mainly distributed in less suitable areas and more suitable areas,which respectively account for 30.04% and 28.07% of the province's land area,the most suitable area has the least area distribution,accounting for only7.84%.(4)The analysis of the current status of the suitability of rural settlements in Guizhou Province shows that the overall suitability of rural settlements in Guizhou Province is relatively high.The area of rural settlements in the most suitable and most suitable areas accounts for52.22% of the province's rural settlements.However,its distribution in less suitable and unsuitable areas is still 17.31%,and there are problems such as small overall scale and close proximity to natural disaster sites,and the degree of intensive utilization is not high enough.Therefore,according to the current status of land use in rural settlements in Guizhou Province,Proposed strategies for removing villages and merging points,retaining control,internal transformation,and prioritizing development.