Research Of Parameterized Design For Landscape Architecture Based On GIS

Parameterization is a new design method which is integrated with objectivity,logic and order in recent years.As a representative software of parameterized design,Arc GIS collects,manages,stores,processes,analyzes and constructs geographical models through the computer system for spatial data.It also provides dynamic geographical information on the basis of space and eventually offers technical support for geographical research and decisionmaking services.Based on the definition of "parameterization" and GIS technology,this paper discusses the research progress,development space and limitation of parametrized design of landscape architecture based on GIS,and further analyzes its feasibility in the field of landscape architecture planning and design.This paper takes Lan mountain ecological park project,located in Lanzhou,as an example,which applies the parameterized design theory and method based on GIS to landscape architecture design.Initially,DEM elevation data and remote sensing data are acquired through geospatial data clouds,and the data is imported into Arc GIS10.6 to carry out the site topography and landform analysis,hydrological analysis and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)analysis.Then,the six factors of terrain flatness,site hydrophilicity,vegetation coverage,spatial openness,ecological sensitivity and road network accessibility are assigned weighted value and proceeded weighted stack by analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to obtain parameterized zoning site selection.Secondly,the visibility analysis tool in Arc GIS10.6 is used to analyze the landscape sight in the park,which plays a role in the height control of the site buildings.Additionally,based on the digital elevation model of the site,the preliminary design of the park road is completed by utilizing the parametric software and then introducing it into Auto CAD2020 for optimization and improvement,as a result,a reasonable road network layout is gained.Finally,the average sunshine amount of any area of the site is known by the solar radiation area analysis tool in Arc GIS10.6,and then the site topography,water orientation,vegetation status and other factors are considered comprehensively to select suitable plants for planting in the site,which is of great reference significance for the selection and design of plants.The above methods are utilized to analyze and plan the site sufficiently,and the parameterized design of Lan mountain ecological park based on GIS is accomplished.Evaluating the advantages and limitations of the parametric design of landscape architecture objectively by constructing the landscape quality and recreation service ability evaluation system of Lan mountain ecological park,including four criterion layers,ecological benefit,aesthetic effect,behavior feeling and social function,and 29 factor layers,for example,landscape ecological sustainability,utilizing the AHP to assign weighted value for factors and obtaining the landscape quality score for parametric design and current design through questionnaire and comparing them.The results show that:(1)the order of the weight values of the criterion layer: ecological benefit(B1),behavior feeling(B3),social function(B4),aesthetic experience(B2),which indicates that the ecological benefits and behavior feelings of urban parks are more and more valued.(2)The factors layer weight value ranking: greening coverage area(C2),landscape ecological sustainability(C5),cultural education and publicity facilities(C28),plant species richness(C1)and scenic spot accessibility(C16),which indicates that landscape ecology still occupies the dominant position.(3)In the landscape quality evaluation,the overall score of park with parameterized design reaches 7.28 points,which indicates that the objectivity and scientificity of parameterized design of Lan Mountain ecological park based on GIS has been generally recognized in the area selection,landscape node site selection,road network selection,building height control,plant design,etc.Compared with aesthetic experience and social function,the score of ecological benefit and behavioral feeling of the park is slightly higher,which illustrates that the GIS-based Lan Mountain ecological park brings tourists better comfortable sensation and experience,however its effect in social function is unsatisfactory,and the aesthetic awareness needs to be improved.Therefore,the parameterized design of landscape architecture on the basis of GIS has a positive significance in garden creation.It can be considered to introduce this concept more widely in the future landscape design.In park design,ecological benefits should be considered preferentially.Ecological conservation gardens with sustainable development characteristics are supposed to build.Meanwhile,citizens' behavior feeling should be regarded,and the sightseeing space should be reasonably arranged to improve the convenience,safety and comfortable sensation of the park.