Landscape Design Of Urban Park Wetland In Consideration Of Water Bird Habitats Restoration

Urban biodiversity is an important part of urban human settlement.Urban park wetland is one of the most important carriers of urban biodiversity in the city,which plays an irreplaceable role in the creation of species habitat and improvement of the quality of urban ecological environment.However,water bird habitats have severely damaged by urban constructions and human activities.Water bird habitats building in urban park is important in the restoration of wetland bird biodiversity,and should be an indispensable part of wetland landscape design.From the perspective of urban birds,we analyzing the situation and the bird resources in urban park wetland in Beijing.Through the discussion of birds resources in the Yuyuantan Park,we determine the target species.The research discusses the relativity between urban birds and water,plants,human disturbance and other landscape factors from the birds feeding,nesting,concealment behavior,in order to summarize the demands of water bird habitats types and characteristics.Then,combining with the ecological behavior and habitat demands of Aix galericulata and Egretta garzetta,we tried to research the contents and methods of wetland landscape design of urban park considering bird habitat,from water,traffic,plant landscape and revetment.We tried to find a balance between the construction of wetland landscape,public recreation and the restoration of water bird habitats,to meet the demands of visitors' recreation and providing suitable habitats for water birds in urban park wetland.The major conclusions from the research are following:(1)Urban park wetland resources is rich in Beijing,but the ecological quality of it is not high,bird diversity is far lower than the average level of Beijing.There are 49 species of birds in Yuyuantan Park,but there are few birds inhabiting due to the lack of suitable habitat,.(2)The key environmental factors that affect the behavior of birds are water,vegetation and human factors.(3)The restoration of water bird habitats in urban park wetland should be based on the principle of ecological protection and low intervention,which cannot reduce the normal recreational space to meet the needs of water bird habitats.(4)The restoration of water bird habitats in urban park wetland should focus on the design of water,traffic,landscape plants and revetment.A.In water system design,we should control the water level,enrich the form and layout of water body and plan ecological island combining the area.B.In traffic system design,the classification and route selection of road should be taken seriously.C.In landscape plants design,we should pay attention to the choice of appropriate native species for water bird habitats,the construction of different functional plant communities,and the proportion of aquatic plants.C.In revetment design,we should choose the ecological material and control the plane design and vertical slope of revetment.Finally,we provides the landscape design plan of Yuyuantan Park with the guidance of the research,put forward the scheme of landscape planning and design,put the relevant research achievements into practice.