Diversity Of Butterfly In Wuchago And Wulanhe Areas In The Middle Section Of Daxing'anling Mountains

Butterflies are important part of biodiversity,and play important role in pollinating of flowering plants,detecting environmental disturbances and changes,as well as protecting ecosystems.In order to understand the diversity characteristics and distributions of butterflies in Wuchagou and Wulanhe areas in the middle of Daxing 'anling Mountains,9 different habitats were selected to investigate the butterfly community in these areas from 2018 to 2019.The effects of habitats and monthly changes on butterfly community diversity were analyzed,and the niche characteristics and faunal distribution features of butterflies in these areas were also discussed.The research results are as follows.1.A total of 3025 individuals 85 species of butterflies,belonging to7 Families and 58 Genera,are collected and recorded in this study.The Nymphalidae has the largest number of species and individuals,and its diversity and richness index are also the highest.The species composition of butterflies in these areas are mostly common species,accounting for60.73%.The rest of them consist of dominant species accounting for32.89% and rare species accounting for 6.38%.2.There are differences in both the community structure and the diversity of butterfly species in different habitat types,of which the similarity coefficient of each habitat is between 0.25 to 0.75,mainly with moderate dissimilarity.The diversity index and richness index of mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest are the highest,while the dominance index is the lowest,and there is a positive correlation between species number,diversity index and richness index.There are 10 common species and 23 endemic species in the study areas.3.There are obvious differences in diversity characteristics of butterflies in different months,June with the most dominant species,July with the largest richness index,diversity index as well as evenness index,the smallest dominance index,and the largest species similarity coefficient between July and August.4.There are obvious differences in the niche occupation of butterflies in different Families.The niche breadth in time,space and time-space of Lycaenidae are the largest.The spatial niche overlap index of Satyridae and Lycaenidae is the largest,and the ratio of time niche overlap in each Family is higher.Nymphalidae has higher niche similarity ratio with the other Families.5.The species-abundance curve of butterfly community is close to lognormal distribution model which lacks both the extremely large and rare species.The individual number of most butterfly species is in the middle average.6.Faunal analysis shows that butterflies in Wuchagou and Wulanhe areas are mainly Palaearctic-Oriental common species(67.06%).Among the fauna of China,they are mainly distributed in the Meng Xin area(100%),and mainly distributed in Daxinganling Mountain Subregion(100%)in Inner Mongolian animal geography.