| A good ecological environment is the basis for human survival and development,and is also a prerequisite for sustainable economic development.With the rapid development of China's economy and the continuous promotion of urbanization,China's ecological and environmental problems are also more prominent,and the negative effects of ecological and environmental damage are gradually emerging.At the same time,the essential requirement of socialist social development is people-oriented,and rural areas and farmers,as extremely important players in the course of China's liberation,therefore,the well-being of rural residents is the key to high-quality economic development in the new era,in addition,after the Three Gorges Migration Project,the issue of stability and prosperity of migrants in the reservoir area is also the key to livelihood issues.Therefore,it is of great practical and strategic significance to study the spatio-temporal coupling and coordinated development of ecosystem services and the well-being of rural residents in the Three Gorges reservoir.Based on the land use data of Wanzhou district in 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2018,this paper revises the ecosystem service value equivalent factor according to the actual situation of Wanzhou district,and develops a dynamic assessment of the value of primary and secondary ecosystem service functions and the total value of ecosystem service services in Wanzhou district and its townships,using Arc GIS 10.6and combining The spatial and temporal characteristics,spatial correlation and clustering of ecosystem service values and the well-being of rural residents in Wanzhou District and its townships were analyzed using Arc GIS 10.6 and the regional variation analysis method,using the Thiel index,variation index,relative development rate,Moran's I index,and Gi~* index;the rural residents' well-being evaluation model was used to measure the well-being of Wanzhou District and its townships in 2000,2005,2010,and 2010.The spatial and temporal characteristics,spatial correlation and clustering of the well-being of rural residents were analyzed using the relative level index,Moran's I index,and Gi~* index;the coupled coordination model was used to evaluate the coupled coordination between the value of ecosystem services and the well-being of rural residents in Wanzhou District and its townships.The coupled coordination relationship between the value of ecosystem services and the well-being of rural residents in Wanzhou District and its townships was evaluated using the coupled coordination degree model.The conclusions of the study are as follows.(1)The value of primary and secondary ecosystem service functions and the total value of ecosystem services in Wanzhou district and its towns from 2000-2018 all became repeatedly fluctuating;the differences in the value of ecosystem services in Wanzhou district are still large,and the overall ecosystem service development distribution is still unbalanced;the value of ecosystem services has significant spatial correlation only in 2015,and the rest of the years are in spatially dispersed distribution pattern;hot spots of ecosystem services in Wanzhou District are mainly distributed in the southern region,and cold spots exist only in 2005.(2)The well-being level of rural residents in Wanzhou District and its townships from 2000 to 2018 showed an upward stepping up trend with each year,but the regional differences in the well-being level of rural residents in each township were still large,and the development level of the well-being level of rural residents was generally low;the spatial distribution of the well-being of rural residents in Wanzhou District had a strong spatial correlation and showed a spatial aggregation distribution pattern in space.The hot spots of rural residents' well-being in Wanzhou are mainly located in the southern region,and the number of hot spots is increasing.The cold spots are mainly concentrated in the northern region as well as the northeastern region.(3)The coupling degree of the value of ecosystem services and the well-being of rural residents in Wanzhou District and its townships from 2000 to 2018 shows a decreasing trend,the coupling coordination degree shows an increasing trend,and the relative development degree shows a decreasing trend in general.Specifically,the coupling degree between ecosystem services and rural residents' well-being in Wanzhou District remained at a medium level from 2000 to 2018,with an "N" type fluctuation trend of slightly increasing,decreasing and increasing,and a large decreasing trend in general.The overall trend of the coupling degree of each township is more or less the same as that of Wanzhou district,and the coupling degree of coordination between ecosystem services and rural residents in Wanzhou district and its townships shows a stable upward trend from 2000 to 2018,but the coupling degree of coordination is still at a low level.The relative development of ecosystem services and rural residents in Wanzhou District and its townships showed an inverted "U"-shaped trend from 2000 to 2018.The relative development degree of the two decreased from 0.361 in 2000 to 0.116 in 2018 over the total study period,with a large overall decrease.The number of towns in all three states did not change much.The above results indicate that the correlation between ecosystem services and the well-being of rural residents in Wanzhou is decreasing,but the internal coordination between the two is increasing,and the value of ecosystem services and the well-being of rural residents in Wanzhou is forming a positive interaction,but it is still necessary to recognize that the relative development gap between the two is widening.Based on the above conclusions,in order to further promote the synergistic development of ecosystem service values and rural residents' well-being in the post-Three Gorges,this paper puts forward the following four suggestions: First,increase ecological protection and restoration efforts and strengthen the monitoring mechanism to enhance ecosystem service values while reducing their fluctuation trends.Second,to optimize the spatial distribution pattern of ecosystem service value in each region by combining the distribution pattern of ecosystem service value in each district and county within the Three Gorges Reservoir.Third,adhere to the red line of arable land protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir and promote the healthy and stable development of the well-being of rural residents.Fourth,reasonably develop the natural resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir to promote the coordinated development of ecological well-being of rural residents in the reservoir. |
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