Research On Building Three-dimensional Model Based On Oblique Photogrammetry And LiDAR Point Cloud Data Registration

The cross application of oblique photogrammetry technology and Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)technology is a common method for indoor and outdoor integrative modeling.By this method,photos can be provided to generate real landscapes of the building's exterior,as well as quickly and easily obtain indoor point cloud data.With the trend of interdisciplinary integrative development in particular,point cloud-based BIM fine parameter modeling has endowed rich semantic information of the single structures.Meanwhile,the modeling combined with the external geographic environment information provided by GIS from micro to macro,and local to overall real scene 3D model.The combination of GIS and BIM has gradually become a crucial method of urban construction and management.The purpose of the method is to realize the management and application of the internal data of the model and to fully exploit the model spatial data based on the 3D model visualization.However,the current GIS software cannot realize the relationship mapping with BIM parameters,since the Industry Foundation Class(IFC)standard data that is used to express BIM semantic information can achieve data sharing within the BIM field,but it cannot be directly used as GIS attribute data.The conversion of BIM data to GIS data becomes the bottleneck of BIM auxiliary 3D GIS integration application.Moreover,the incompatibility between two types of data makes their sharing and interoperability become the hot spot and focus of current research.In this research,oblique photogrammetry was used to obtain photo data,while the stand-type 3D laser scanner and handheld 3D laser scanner were used to obtain two types of point clouds,to explore the combination of oblique photogrammetry and LiDAR technology.The research discussed the point cloud registration method for the purpose of point cloud correction and information perfection,together with the conversion of the point cloud reconstruction BIM model and GIS data format,to realize the 3D GIS application of buildings based on BIM data.The research content mainly includes:(1)Discuss the best point cloud matching algorithm for buildings.By comparing the traditional ICP algorithm,improved ICP algorithm(SAC-IA coarse registration and four-point method coarse registration),NDT algorithm comparison,to define the more suitable for point cloud registration of the whole building regarding rich point cloud information,based on the four-point method coarse registration and ICP fine registration.(2)Research on the spatial model based on LiDAR point cloud and BIM.SketchUp software was used to simply draw the indoor LiDAR point cloud as the building outline represented by points,lines and planes.Then carried out parametric modeling through the BIM modeling software Revit to add semantic information for the model.Finally discussed the different methods of converting IFC data in the BIM model into GIS attribute data,and converted the IFC data in the BIM model into GIS attribute data in different formats.(3)Development of 3D model query parsing application plug-in based on GIS and BIM.Under the ArcGIS Pro environment,the C# language is used as a tool to develop Add-In plug-ins to realize the visualization of the oblique photogrammetric model,laser point cloud model and BIM model in the same spatial coordinate system.At the mean time,IFC data in BIM was fully used to realize the "spatial attribute" mutual query and analysis function based on GIS attribute data that converted from IFC data,and to realize the operation of GIS platform based on full BIM data.Therefore,by using the technology of oblique photogrammetry and LiDAR that have a strong complementarity,as well as by selecting the control point in the oblique photography model as the defined coordinate of LiDAR point cloud model and the BIM model,to realize the concentrated display of multiple models in a unified coordinate system;Using point cloud matching algorithm to enrich the point cloud data,to provide complete point cloud data for BIM modeling for converting BIM parameters into GIS attribute data,so to realize interoperability between GIS and BIM.Finally,based on ArcGIS Pro2.5 and C# language to develop plug-in,in order to realize the integrated display,query and analysis of oblique photogrammetric model and BIM model,and explore the GIS data management and operation based on the idea of indoor and outdoor integration.