The Farmers' Drought Risk Perception And Disaster Response Behavior Research In Yunnan Dry And Hot Valley

With the rural vitalization strategy put forward,agriculture in Yunnan province is transforming to large-scale and modern agriculture,which is in the transition period of agricultural development.At the same time,Yunnan province has been hit by drought for a long time,and the disaster situation continues to worsen,which has a great impact on agricultural production and farmers' income.However,farmer can more accurately perceive natural disaster risks and adopt effective disaster response behaviors,which is a way to reduce drought risk losses that cannot be ignored.Under the background of the continuous development of agricultural scale and drought disaster,the change of planting scale is also accompanied by the imbalance between the supply and demand of agricultural water.It is urgent to study the mechanism of farmers' drought risk perception and response behavior based on the factors of planting scale.Therefore,in the transitional period of agricultural development in Yunnan,it is very necessary to study the drought risk perception level and response effectiveness of farmers in order to better play their role in disaster reduction.However,there are many problems to be solved in this field.This is mainly reflected in the weak research on the mechanism of farmers' drought risk perception,need to strengthen the integrated research of behavioral geography,psychology and other disciplines,the components and influencing factors of perception remain to be clarified,and the evaluation method and index system still need to be explored and applied continuously.The research on farmers' response behavior mainly focuses on the influencing factors of behavior choice and the quantity of behavior,but ignores the effect of behavior.The correlation and feedback mechanism between farmers' disaster risk perception and response behavior are not clear enough.The in-depth study on farmers' drought risk perception and response behavior in Yunnan province can not only provide scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation,disaster risk management,and expand the application of relevant theories,but also provide theoretical support for the sustainable development of Yunnan agriculture from the perspective of safe production.The dry and hot valley area of Yunnan is seriously affected by drought.This paper selects Binchuan County of Dali Prefecture and Yuanmou County of Chuxiong Prefecture,which are typically affected by drought in Yunnan Province,as the research areas to research on farmers' drought risk perception and disaster response behavior.Firstly,based on the Gold's environmental cognition model to construct the mechanism model of farmers' drought risk perception.Among them,based on the cognitive psychology theory,local theory and behavioral geography theory,construct the index system of drought risk perception,try to use BP neural network model to identify farmers risk perception.Secondly,in the research of farmer's response to disaster,the effectiveness of farmer's response was evaluated by TOPSIS analysis method based on the behavioral limited theory.Finally,through case analysis,analyze the correlation between drought risk perception and response behavior,and important factors of affecting planting scale.Based on the results of the study,suggestions were proposed for disaster risk emergency management and agricultural development in Yunnan province.The results are as follows:(1)Based on Gold's environmental cognitive model and Gestalt's insight learning theory,Farmers' drought risk perception process is an epiphany cognitive process in which the brain continuously senses,induction and learns to acquire perception.On the one hand,farmers' perception of drought risk consists of four dimensions: local disaster sensitivity,imitation,prediction and behavioral feedback.On the other hand,in the process of perception,it is affected by factors such as objective environment(disaster environment),personality variables(risk attitude,risk knowledge),social culture(planting income and planting scale),and the feedback effect of output behavior factors.They interact with each other to form a dynamic cycle mechanism of disaster environment-risk perception-behavior chain.(2)Through the BP neural network model method to identify farmers' drought risk perception,the case study shows that this method is feasible to reveal farmers' perception of drought risk.The drought risk perception of farmers in the study area was at a low level.Under the different terrain conditions,the different spatial regulation of farmers' perception of drought risk is mid-level mountain area>dam area>mountain area.Under the differentplanting scale conditions,the different spatial regulation is large scale growers >medium scale growers > small scale growers > very small scale growers.(3)Among the disaster-response behaviors adopted by farmers,although farmers take diversified measures to deal with drought risk,disaster-response behaviors also achieve certain effects,such as cultivation,planting,field management,infrastructure management and water-saving technologies.But the effective behaviors mainly rely on government assistance.The individual power of farmers is relatively limited,the effective behavior mainly depends on the government assistance.(4)The planting scale of farmers is an important factor affecting drought risk perception and response behavior.Large-scale planting has certain promoting effect on farmers' perception of drought risk and behavioral effectiveness,and they have positive consistency.