Soil compaction caused by timber harvesting in central Appalachian hardwood forests

Two commonly used harvesting systems in central Appalachia were examined to determine the amount of soil compaction associated with each harvest type. A manual system of chainsaw and cable skidder, along with a mechanized system consisting of feller-buncher and grapple skidder were monitored in two central Appalachian hardwood forest sites. Examinations of soil bulk density (lbs/ft 3) were made pre-harvest and post-harvest for each harvest unit. Observations were conducted along the skid roads in conjunction to distance from the landing. Sample points were also taken systematically through each harvest site. The physical condition was recorded using a nuclear density probe. Data were analyzed statistically to determine the effect of operational variables on soil impacts. Results indicate that timber harvesting does affect the soil compaction levels in the woods, as well as along skid roads. Soil compaction also varies by different soil moisture level and soil series.