| Construction contributes significantly to gas emissions. Diverse efforts have been undertaken to mitigate the effects of these emissions; however, there currently is no effective tool to estimate small-scale (e.g., project-based) emissions in construction. Discrete-event simulation (DES), a new approach, may be able to rectify this lack. This research has built a DES-based emission template using Simphony, a special purpose simulation (SPS) environment developed at the University of Alberta. This template permits inexperienced simulators to build simulation models that can estimate emissions of a construction project. Two case studies are used to showcase the modeling process and to demonstrate how valuable information concerning sustainability can be obtained through this method. In addition, this research introduces an emission federate in a high-level architecture (HLA) simulation environment that can estimate emissions without building models; it relies instead upon information provided by other federates (e.g., operation federate), which has been underdeveloped thus far. |
