| The ballasted-sand process, specifically the ActifloRTM surface water pretreatment process which is gaining popularity among water treatment facilities. This pretreatment process is an attractive alternative to conventional pretreatment since it can effectively treat highly variable turbid waters with a small system footprint. However, the success of the Actiflo RTM pretreatment process can be limited when treating highly turbid waters with a high TOC concentration. The Big Sioux River, which was used for the majority of analyses in this thesis, exhibits these characteristics. The purpose of this investigation was to examine methods to optimize coagulation and flocculation within the ActifloRTM process. Bench-scale tests on the Big Sioux River were used to examine the ActifloRTM process and the use of streaming current as a process control. Final turbidities were used for assessment of treatment performance.; The coagulant dose and the polymer selection and dose are the major process control parameters of the ActifloRTM process. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)... |
