Productivity Effect Of Chinese Manufacturing Industry Embedded In Global Value Chain

Manufacturing industry is one of the most important real economy in China.For a long time,China's manufacturing industry has been integrated into the global value chain production system by means of processing trade,and has made remarkable achievements in the total trade volume,which is leaping to "the world's largest manufacturing industry",meanwhile,China's manufacturing development model relies on low-cost labor costs and natural resources,so it has gradually revealed disadvantages.Simply winning by scale and developing low-end trade cannot bring rich returns to China.In the face of the fact that the production cost is rising and the population dividend is becoming smaller,in order to realize the sustainable development of manufacturing industry,we must change the development mode from "win by quantity" to "win by quality",attaching importance to transformation and upgrading and technological progress,and promote the manufacturing industry to leap to the high end of the value chain.This paper studies the theoretical and practical significance of examining the productivity effect of manufacturing industry embedded in global value chain.Firstly,from the theoretical point of view,the study of this topic theoretically answers the problem of the productivity effect of manufacturing industry embedded in the global value chain,which lays a theoretical foundation for the study of the relationship between the embeddedness of the value chain and the productivity;from the practical point of view,for the manufacturing industry as an important pillar industry of the national economy,it is clear about the life brought by its integration into the global value chain.The promotion effect of productivity provides help for us to better examine the vertical specialization level of China's manufacturing industry,provides empirical basis for improving the competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry in the international market,and has important practical significance for realizing the industrial upgrading of China's manufacturing industry.In the case of comparative advantage,when there are different relative prices of products at home and abroad,this Congress will produce more products with lower relative prices and put them into foreign markets,so as to obtain more trade gains;in the case of scale economy,the production links of products will be distinguished one by one,with different effective production scales and different spatial distribution The effective scale of products can realize economies of scale and reduce production costs.The effects of manufacturing industry embedded in global value chain can be divided into spillover effects,competitive effects and learning effects.Developed countries will transfer technology directly to partners and branches through their own distribution of domestic industries in the host country,or transfer technology to the whole industry,which will produce spillover effects of technology.By importing high-tech intensive or high knowledge intensive foreign products,we can In order to make the host country's enterprises digest,receive and absorb advanced technology and production knowledge imperceptibly,it will have a learning effect;when the enterprises export their products to the markets of developed countries,they are faced with the competitive risk of higher product specifications and better quality in developed countries,and the pressure of competition will encourage the enterprises to increase investment in scientific and technological research and development,which will have a competitive effect.The first two effects will have a positive effect on productivity,while the competition effect will restrain or promote productivity with the intensity.Due to the lack of its own key technology,China's manufacturing industry processes and assembles by importing key parts and components,and transfers processed semi-finished products or manufactured products to other countries,only obtaining small profits in the international division of labor,which to a certain extent indicates that China's manufacturing industry is still at the low end of the value chain.In the process of manufacturing industry embedding into global value chain,there are also the following problems,including weak independent R & D capacity,lack of high-level human capital and uncoordinated regional development,which need to be paid attention to.Based on the concept of industrial upstream index proposed by Antràs,this paper constructs a global value chain embedding degree index(degvc)to measure the position of China's manufacturing industry that integrates into the global value chain and take it as the explained variable.At the same time,it uses Solow residual value method to measure TFP as the explained variable,then introduces R&D intensity and export intensity as the explained variable,and uses the balance surface based on the regression model,the manufacturing industry is divided into labor,capital and technology intensive industries according to the factor intensity,and the productivity effect of manufacturing industry embedded in global value chain is investigated.The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the degree of global value chain embeddedness and TFP.Specifically,at the 5% level of significance,TFP will increase by 0.36% for every 1% increase of degvc.In the regression model based on factor intensity,for capital-intensive and labor-intensive manufacturing industry,integration into global value chain can have a significant impact on TFP,while in technology-intensive manufacturing industry,there is no strict correlation between them.Finally,according to the empirical analysis results,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations according to the differences of factor intensity: guiding labor-intensive industries to more efficiently embed into the global value chain,realizing the collaborative progress of capital-intensive industries and producer services,cultivating and developing the core competitiveness of technology-intensive industries,and realizing the improvement of independent innovation ability and high-tech level of various industries.