Study On The Low-end Lock Problem Of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry's Participation In Global Value Chain Division

Since the end of the 20th century,the international division of labor has undergone significant changes.Developed countries have focused on high-value-added segments such as R&D and design,market brands,and transferred low-value-added segments such as manufacturing and processing and assembling to developing countries,forming the global value chain division system dominated by developed countries.Taking this opportunity and labor advantage,China's equipment manufacturing industry has accelerated its integration into global value chains under the guidance of national policies,but it has always been locked at the low end,and the upgrading of global value chains has been hindered.At the same time,the resources and labor advantages of other developing countries become more obvious,while China's labor cost advantage gradually loses.China's equipment manufacturing industry is facing the predicament of"converging attack" between developed and developing countries.In view of this,this article starts from the following aspects:Firstly,based on the WWYZ production chain length system and the WWZ total trade accounting framework,we use the latest national input-output data of the WIOD in 2016 to measure the low-end lock level of China's equipment manufacturing industry from both physical locations and economic locations.The study found that from a physical location point of view,China's equipment manufacturing industry segmentation index of the global value chain is less than 1,in the middle and lower reaches of the global value chain,in addition to the automotive,trailer and semi-trailer manufacturing(C29)ranked within 20,The rest of the sub-sectors are ranked behind in 43 countries.From an economic point of view,although the profit-making model of China's equipment manufacturing industry in each sub-sector has improved,it still focuses on the profitability of final export products,and it is still at the low end of the global value chain.Secondly,starting from the path dependence theory and combining with the status quo of China's equipment manufacturing industry,this paper analyzes the causes of the low-end lock-up dilemma in the global value chain,and analyzes the three locking paths of primary production factor dependence,technology import dependence,and OEM dependence.On this basis,we propose to break through the two major directions of the low-end lock-in of the global value chain:a gradual breakthrough path and a leapfrogging path.The incremental breakthrough path includes three aspects:the expansion of production capacity,the expansion of technological capabilities,and the expansion of marketing capabilities.Finally,on the basis of the breakthrough path,combining with the previous analysis and the "Made in China 2025" plan,we put forward specific and feasible recommendations.Including respond to the "smart manufacturing" strategy,promote the upgrading of factor structure;enhance the ability of independent innovation and expand the independent brands;develop the productive service industry and guide the service manufacturing of equipment manufacturing;relying on the "One Belt and One Road" to build a regional value chain.