Research On The Measurement Of China’s Service Trade Openness And Its Influencing Factors

From the 19 th National Congress of the Party proposed "further liberalization of market access",to the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that "a wider,deeper,wider field of opening to the outside world" should be implemented,and then to the Central Government in February 2020 The Comprehensive Deepening Reform Committee made it clear that according to the characteristics of the service sector,it is necessary to separately reduce the access restrictions of each department and further deepen the market-oriented reform of the service sector.These important conclusions provide some valuable research directions for the opening and development of China’s service industry: how to measure and evaluate the characteristics of China’s service trade opening more accurately? What are the industries and fields that need to relax access restrictions for the service industry? From which aspects,how can we achieve wider,deeper and wider fields of opening up? These are the main issues to be discussed in this article.Based on this,this paper first describes the current status of China’s service trade opening to the outside world,secondly compares the characteristics of the service sector opening of China and its trading partner countries from the policy field,and again based on the expanded gravity model of Anderson and Van Wincoop(2003)comparative analysis of the overall openness of service trade of its trading partner countries was carried out.Finally,the VAR model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the openness of service trade in China.The following conclusions are drawn: First,China’s overall service trade is not large,but it is concentrated in the weak export competitiveness of service trade.There has been a long-term deficit in service trade and the deficit has been expanding year by year.The service trade structure needs to be further optimized and upgraded.Knowledge-and technology-intensive services account for a relatively low proportion of total service exports,and transportation,tourism,and construction services account for a relatively high proportion.Second,by subsector,China’s The fields of engineering consulting,distribution,and road transportation are highly open areas.These industries all have lower barriers to entry for foreign investment,fewer policy restrictions,and are not far behind the average level of OECD countries,and havecertain competitive advantages.However,the level of openness in the accounting,express delivery and broadcasting industries is low.From the perspective of policy,it is mainly because there are large obstacles in the field of foreign investment entry,foreign investment approval procedures are relatively complicated,and secondly there are relatively many regulations in the field of competition obstacles.Especially in the insurance and commercial banking service industries,there are relatively few policy provisions in the field of natural person mobility policies,and they are mainly concentrated in the "labor market inspection";third,China’s overall opening of service trade is at an upper middle level,close to most The level of developed countries,such as New Zealand,Italy,Japan,Spain,Belgium,etc.,is also higher than the average level of OECD countries;Fourth,the impulse response function and variance decomposition model based on VAR can be seen,affecting China’s service trade openness The main factors are service trade competitiveness,import trade and accession to the WTO,followed by economic growth and foreign direct investment,and the above main factors have a certain degree of volatility in China’s service trade openness.Therefore,according to the results of theoretical analysis and measurement inspection,combined with the actual situation of China’s service trade development and opening up,from the aspects of foreign access policy areas,China’s service trade competitiveness enhancement,and other aspects to further promote the high-quality development of China’s service trade,and then implement more The wide-ranging,wider areas and deeper comprehensive opening-up provide corresponding policy suggestions for reference for the sustainable and healthy development of the service economy.