| Yunnan Province has very favorable geographical characteristics and climatic conditions for tea production.Its tea industry has a long history of development.Since ancient times,it has been one of the important pillars of Yunnan ’s economic development: 2008-2018 Yunnan Province ranks second in tea production in the country,tea The planting area ranks first in the country and is an important tea producing area in China.At present,the Yunnan tea industry is in a critical period facing the development and transformation.How to make the tea industry develop in the direction of specialization,advanced and green,and enhance the competitiveness of the tea industry are the major issues facing the current development of the Yunnan tea industry.Existing analysis of the tea industry clusters and tea industry competitiveness in Yunnan has mostly focused on qualitative research,and there is an urgent need to carry out relevant quantitative research to help the competitiveness of Yunnan tea industry increase rapidly.This article selects the Baoshan tea area case,firstly analyzes the development status of Baoshan tea industry from 2008 to 2018.Starting from the industrial cluster,combining the location quotient index,concentration factor,scale advantage index,efficiency advantage index,comprehensive advantage index,etc.,the five sample cities(Germany,Baoshan and Southern Yunnan Tea District,Western Yunnan Tea District and Central Yunnan Tea District)(Hong,Lincang,Chuxiong,Pu’er,Xishuangbanna)tea industry cluster concentration degree and the comparative advantage of the tea industry are compared and measured;an industrial competitiveness evaluation index system is constructed,and based on the Deng ’s correlation degree,the tea industry cluster degree and tea Quantitative assessment of the relevance of industrial competitiveness;on this basis,at the county level,in-depth analysis of the economic contribution rate of the tea industry in Baoshan City to the local first,second,and tertiary industries;using factor analysis,combined with the city Various economic indicators of the tea industry in various counties and districts year by year,quantitative evaluation of the competitiveness of the tea industry in each county and district of Baoshan City;finally,through the entropy method,from the production,sales,logistics,packaging,brand building links to the tea industry chain Entropy weights are compared.This article explores the deep-seated reasons that affect the competitiveness of Baoshan’s tea industry,and provides countermeasures and suggestions for solving practical problems such as the rapid and healthy development of Baoshan’s tea industry and enhancing its competitiveness.The results found that:(1)Baoshan tea output and tea garden area increased steadily from 2008 to 2018,and the tea yield per unit was much higher than the average level in Yunnan;in terms of labor resources,the number of tea farmers in Baoshan remained basically stable,and the number of processing workers and the number of tertiary industry workers continued The net income of tea farmers is rising steadily;in terms of leading enterprises,the number of leading tea industry enterprises in Baoshan City has been steadily increasing.In terms of the green development and future potential of the tea industry,Baoshan City continues to promote the transformation of low-yield tea gardens without pollution.The area of tea gardens has risen sharply,and the green development of the tea industry in Baoshan City is more remarkable.(2)Among the tea industry clusters of the six comparative sample cities,Baoshan ’s location quotient index ranks lower,and the concentration coefficient level is in the middle of each sample city;in the comparison of the comparative advantages of the tea industry in the six sample cities,its scale The ranking of advantage index,efficiency advantage index,and comprehensive advantage index are all in the middle,indicating that the level of Baoshan tea industry cluster needs to be improved,and the tea industry has a comparative advantage.(3)Analysis of the correlation between the concentration of the tea industry cluster in Baoshan City and the competitiveness index of the tea industry found that the location quotient index of the tea industry cluster in Baoshan,the population involved in tea,the number of QS certifications,the output value of the secondary industry of the tea industry accounted for the total output value of the tea industry in the past decade The highest degree of correlation;the concentration coefficient and the tea industry secondary industry output value accounted for the total output value of the tea industry,the number of QS certification and the number of primary manufacturing institutions are the highest;and the Baoshan tea industry cluster concentration and labor productivity are the lowest,indicating that In the past decade,the level of specialization and geographic concentration of its tea industry cluster has not interacted well with labor productivity.(4)Under the county-level scale,the contribution rate of the tea industry in Baoshan counties and cities to the local primary,secondary and tertiary industries is as follows: Since 2010-2018,the largest contribution rate of the tea industry to the local economy in five counties and cities is Changning County,followed by Tengchong Longling and Longyang are in the middle,and the smallest is in Shidian County.Among them,the tea industry of Changning,Tengchong and Longling contributed the most to the first industry;the tea industry of Longyang District had no significant role in promoting the local economy;the tea industry of Changning,Tengchong and Longling County was not significant;The contribution rate of the regional total output value is roughly equivalent to that of Longyang,and the tea industry has not yet shown a positive promotion effect on the local economy.(5)A factor analysis method was used to quantitatively evaluate the competitiveness of the tea industry in each county and city of Baoshan.Three comparative stages of 2008,2012 and 2018 were found.Among them,Changning ranked first in scale competitiveness factor;in terms of labor endowment factor,Tengchong ranked first in 2008 and 2012,and Longyang ranked first in 2018;in terms of technical factors,Longyang ranked first in 2008 First,Longling ranked first in 2012 and Tengchong ranked first in 2018,indicating that in terms of tea production technology,Longyang tea industry initially took the lead among the five counties and cities,but then gradually ranked lower;Tengchong tea industry was initially ranked Longing ahead,Longling has good development potential and always ranks high.(6)Analyze the development of each link of the tea industry chain in each county and city of Baoshan by using the entropy method,and find that each has its own focus: the logistics link of Tengchong has the highest entropy power,the sales link of Longyang has the largest proportion,and the packaging link of Shidian has done the best The various links of Changning are balanced.Based on the above conclusions,try to put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions for the improvement of the competitiveness of Baoshan tea industry and the further advancement,specialization,and green development of the tea industry in the following aspects: from the government and social levels,increase the support of the tea industry and improve A symbiotic mechanism to enhance the competitiveness of the tea industry,strengthen cooperation between companies inside and outside the tea industry cluster,and further promote the implementation of the Baoshan tea industry brand strategy. |
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