Research On The Influencing Factors Of Subjective Well-being Of Residents In Poverty-stricken Areas By Tourism

With the development of economy,the social contradictions in our country have changed profoundly.The government pay more and more attention to the happiness of the people.We will achieve comprehensive poverty alleviation in 2020.Tourism industry has made outstanding contributions to China's poverty alleviation cause.The residents' subjective well-being has increasingly become a comprehensive index to measure pro-poor tourism destination,which also has an important impact on the sustainable economic development of poverty-stricken areas.With the examples of Zhao Jiazhuang village and Nie Jiayu village,we used field investigation and questionnaire interview method to explore the influence factors of residents' subjective well-being and the mechanism of action.It also puts forward the corresponding strategies for the improvement of residents' subjective well-being in the future,so as to put forward constructive suggestions for the development of pro-poor tourism destination.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)Pro-poor tourism destination residents' subjective well-being varies with different development stages in different regions.The average score of residents' subjective well-being in the two villages is 4.015.Among them,the score of residents' subjective well-being in Nie jiayu village is 4.24,and that of residents in Zhao jiazhuang village is 3.79.The research found that residents' overall life satisfaction is positively correlated with their subjective well-being.(2)Demographic factors lead to the difference of residents' subjective well-being.PPT provides more job opportunities for women,which can improve women's social participation and voice.As a result,the subjective well-being of female residents is slightly higher than that of male residents.Due to more family pressure,residents at the age of 42-52 in pro-poor tourism destination have the lowest level of subjective well-being in the u-shaped relationship between age and subjective well-being.Residents of other age groups' subjective well-being is stable.And there is a positive correlation between residents' subjective well-being and their education.Residents with college and undergraduate education have the lower level of subjective well-being than than what we have expected,because the lateral deprivation caused by studying outside leads to the fluctuation of it.(3)Residents' perception of PPT influences their subjective well-being.The data analysis shows that the positive economic impact of PPT is positively correlated with residents' subjective well-being.The closer the occupation is to tourism,the higher the subjective well-being will be.The higher the proportion of tourism income in family income,the higher the subjective well-being will be.The positive sociocultural impact of PPT is positively correlated with residents' subjective well-being.The higher the residents' participation and recognition degree in PPT,the higher the subjective well-being will be.Negative environmental impact of PPT is negatively correlated with residents' subjective well-being.During the development of PPT,infrastructure construction destroys the original natural environment,occupies residents' cultivated land,and produces household garbage from tourists,which resulting in residents' poor perception of PPT.(4)The physical health condition is the adjustment force.Most of the local residents suffer from poverty due to illness.Residents' subjective well-being is closely related to their physical and psychological conditions.(5)Rural elites are the external driving force.The first secretary determines influence the plan and speed of PPT while the professional talents determine the development scale and degree of it.And the village secretary determines influence the residents' participation and recognition.(6)PPT should take the improvement of residents' subjective well-being as the first priority and make great efforts in talent introduction,scientific planning,environment beautification and improvement of medical security.