Research On The Growth Of Totall Factor Productivity Of Agriculture In County Areas And Its Influencing Facyors In China

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China 's agricultural development has achieved world-renowned achievements.It has fed less than 9% of the world 's cultivated land to feed nearly 20% of the world 's population.The important contribution has also laid a stable material foundation for the rapid growth of China's economy.But at the same time,the path of relying solely on factor input to drive agricultural economic growth has long been unsustainable.Realizing the shift from factor input to technology progress is the only way to solve the continuous high-quality development under the constraints of China's rigid resource endowment.Modern economics believes that the transformation from extensive economic growth to intensive economic growth is the key to "large to strong".As a manifestation of intensive growth,TFP is generally measured by the ratio of output to comprehensive input factors.It is the part of economic growth that cannot be explained by the increase in the input of production factors such as capital and labor.It mainly includes technical progress and the optimal allocation of production factors.It is widely used in the research of high-quality economic growth.Therefore,this article will study the issue of high-quality agricultural development in China within the analysis framework of TFP.This paper systematically sorts out the research results of China's agricultural TFP and finds that the existing literature generally selects national panel data to study the problem of agricultural TFP in China,but the literature on the research of China's agricultural TFP from a county perspective is extremely scarce.The author believes that studying the issue of agricultural TFP in China from a county perspective should become a better choice.First of all,China 's administrative system takes county as the basic unit,and county-level units are the main carrier of China 's agricultural development.It is more appropriate to study the issue of China 's agricultural TFP from the perspective of county;second,China 's county is affected by natural environment and cultural traditions.Impact,the problem of uneven development between regions has always run through different stages of county development.This natural difference can provide richer raw materials for research;Finally,the county level can provide more sample data to make the estimation results More robust and more reliable conclusions.Based on the above background,this article uses the DEA-Malmquist index method from the perspective of counties,and uses panel data from 897 counties in 16 provinces in China from 2008 to 2016 to measure the TFP of county agriculture from the national and subregional levels.And break it down into technological progress and technical efficiency.On this basis,further use the fixed-effect model to explore the factors influencing the growth of China's agricultural TFP.Through the above research,the main conclusions obtained in this paper are:(1)China's overall and sub-regional county agricultural TFP shows a steady growth trend.From a national perspective,from 2008 to 2016,the annual average growth rate of TFP of China's county agriculture was 5.6%,and reached the highest level of 7.7% in 2013.After that,the growth rate has narrowed,but it has remained at A high level of around 5%.In terms of different regions,the growth of TFP in the central region is better than that in the eastern and western regions,with average annual growth rates of 6.4%,5.9%,and 5.8%,respectively.(2)Technological progress is the main driving force for the growth of TFP in county agriculture in China.From a nationwide perspective,technological progress has always been maintained at a relatively high growth level,with an average annual growth rate of 9.0%,while technological efficiency has been deteriorating for a long time,with an average annual decline of 3.1%.In terms of different regions,the difference in technological progress between the eastern,central and western regions of China is not significant.The central and western regions perform slightly better than the eastern regions,with average annual growth rates of 10.8%,10.8% and 6.1%,respectively;technical efficiency In terms of differentiation,the eastern region performed significantly better than the central and western regions.The average annual growth rates of technological efficiency in the eastern,central,and western regions were-0.2%,-3.9%,and-4.6%,respectively.Whether viewed from the national level or the sub-regional level,technological progress is the main driving factor driving the growth of the TFP of county agriculture in China,and the improvement of technical efficiency is very limited.(3)Rural infrastructure conditions,rural per capita arable land area,and rural economic agglomeration are important factors influencing the growth of TFP of county agriculture in China.The estimated coefficients of rural infrastructure,rural per capita arable land area,rural economic agglomeration and other indicators are positive,and all are significant at the 1% significance level.It shows that rural infrastructure conditions,rural per capita arable land area,and rural economic agglomeration can increase the level of TFP of county agriculture in China to a certain extent.Finally,according to the research conclusions,this article puts forward targeted policy recommendations to promote the growth of China's agricultural TFP:(1)Encourage innovation in agricultural science and technology,and strengthen the transformation of scientific research results.Strengthen the protection of important agricultural patent technology inventions,improve and perfect the agricultural scientific research achievements transformation mechanism,and transform a series of important agricultural scientific research achievements into strong productivity;(2)Pay attention to the construction of the agricultural extension system and promote the improvement of agricultural technology efficiency.Pay attention to the construction of China's agricultural extension system,at the same time strengthen the technical training for farmers,and focus on solving the problem of convergence between farmers and modern agriculture;(3)Strengthen rural infrastructure construction and cultivate high-quality agricultural talents.Targetedly increase the construction of agricultural infrastructure,strengthen the construction of talent teams,and improve the level of public services such as rural education,medical care,culture and sports.