| With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization,the implementation of the strategy for the revitalization of rural areas,and the prominent use of rural residential land,how to optimize the layout of rural residential land and revitalize rural construction land resources for the development of other industries,infrastructure and Increasing farmers’ income to provide conditions is a problem to be solved in current rural development.In order to meet the industrial layout of rural revitalization,promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas,and promote the healthy development of society and economy in rural areas,it is urgent to optimize the layout of rural residential areas in Beibei District.This paper takes Beibei District,a typical mountainous city in Chongqing,as the research object,and analyzes the current situation of rural residential land in Beibei District from the three aspects of scale structure,spatial distribution and landscape characteristics,and clarifies the problems in its use.Based on the differential optimization idea of “zoning first and then optimization”,from the perspective of the “three functions of life”,the villages are taken as the unit to predominate the functional division of each village in Beibei District.Based on the partition results,a representative Liuyin town is selected.Six villages including Xihe Village,Douti Village in Jingguan Town,Dongfeng Village in Xiema Town,Shijia Village in Chengjiang Town,Sanshu Village in Fuxing Town,and Delong Village in Sansheng Town are sample villages.Based on the calculation of the development potential of rural residential areas,based on which the types of rural residential areas are optimized and corresponding optimization strategies are proposed,and the research on the optimization of rural residential area layout is carried out to provide a reference for the optimization of rural residential areas in the same type of villages in Beibei District.The main contents and conclusions of the research are as follows:(1)The characteristics of rural residential use in Beibei District were analyzed from three aspects: scale structure,spatial distribution,and landscape features.The problems of rural residential land use in Beibei were summarized.The rural residential areas in Beibei District mainly have the following problems: Per capita rural residential areas have high land use and extensive land use;the living environment is poor and urgently needs to be refurbished;the landscape is broken and there is no overall planning.It is estimated that the per capita rural residential land use in all townships in Beibei District is greater than 140 square meters per person as stipulated in the "Town Planning Standards"(GB50188-2007),which shows that the land use is extensive.Some rural settlements are still in areas where infrastructure and public service facilities are difficult to cover.The lack of roads,pipe networks,medical care,schools and other facilities has led to poor living conditions and low living convenience for farmers.The lack of overall planning has resulted in a small number of large rural settlements,fragmented landscapes,limited scale,scattered layouts,and disorderly land use.(2)From the perspective of the "three lives" function,the multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method,advantage function index,and ward cluster analysis are used to evaluate the leading function of the village area in Beibei by constructing an evaluation system to divide the village area in Beibei There are 6 types of villages,including production villages,living villages,ecological villages,living-production villages,living-ecological villages,and production-ecological villages.A total of 24 production-type villages,30 life-type villages,16 eco-type villages,12 production-type villages,16 production-type villages,and 16 life-type villages are obtained.Each type of village is specific in its spatial distribution and village domain carrying function.Eco-type villages are mainly distributed around various ecologically sensitive areas;life-type villages are mainly distributed near urban areas;production-type villages are mainly distributed in areas with high agricultural production functions,such as Jingguan Town,Sansheng Town,and Liuyin Town;Villages are mainly located near ecologically sensitive areas and close to cities,or administrative villages with high ecological carrying functions and well-built facilities,special locations and land types make them have two advantageous functions;Production-type villages are mainly distributed near living-type villages and production-type villages,which have the characteristics of two types of functional villages;production-type ecological villages are mainly distributed around Zhongliang Mountain and are distributed around various ecologically sensitive areas.Villages also have the characteristics of ecological and productive villages.(3)On the basis of the functional division of the village domain,Xihe Village of Liuyin Town,Douti Village of Jingguan Town,Dongfeng Village of Xiema Town,Shijia Village of Chengjiang Town,Sanshu Village of Fuxing Town,and Delong Village of Sansheng Town were selected.Six representative villages were used as sample villages.Based on the improved potential model,the development potential of rural settlements in sample villages was measured from four aspects: development basis,living conditions,production conditions,and ecological suitability.The residential areas are divided into 4 types of optimization,namely demolition and relocation type,facilities optimization type,agglomeration upgrading type,and suburban integration type,and corresponding suggestions for the optimization of rural residential areas in various functional types are proposed.The results of the optimization of the villages at each sample point are as follows: 85 demolition and relocation types in Xihe Village,Liuyin Town,with a total area of 5.49ha;131 facilities optimization types,with a total area of 15.08ha;111 agglomeration and upgrade types,with a total area of 18.75 ha.111 Douti Villages in Jingguan Town were demolished and merged with a total area of 5.71ha;150 facilities were optimized with a total area of 24.24ha;78 agglomeration and lifted with a total area of 27.00 ha.In Dongfeng Village,Xiema Town,there are 21 demolition and merger types with a total area of 5.58ha;65 agglomeration types with a total area of 14.98ha;40 suburban fusion types with a total area of 65.40 ha.In Delong Village,Sansheng Town,there are 57 demolition and merger types with a total area of 5.05ha;87 facilities optimized types with a total area of 14.97ha;15 agglomeration and upgrade types with a total area of 17.53 ha.In Sanshu Village,Fuxing Town,there are 61 demolished and merged types,with a total area of 8.00ha;114 facilities-optimized types,with a total area of 11.96ha;78 agglomerated and upgraded types,with a total area of 18.11 ha.In Shijia Village,Chengjiang Town,there are 44 demolition and merger types,with a total area of 5.50ha;92 facilities optimized types,with a total area of 12.82ha;35 agglomeration and lifting types,with a total area of 17.14 ha. |
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