| Green development is the basic way to achieve sustainable development.It is an important way to promote the construction of ecological civilization in China.With the implementation of the system and strategy of the major functional zones,how to reasonably promote the orderly regulation of the spatial function and structure of the space,especially at the county and city levels,is an issue that needs to be solved urgently in China.Restricted development zones,as important areas for food and ecological security,have weak economic foundations.The carrying capacity of resources in this region is weak,and the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection is prominent.Green Development is an important breakthrough point to ensure the realization of its major function and to change its development dilemma and contradiction.This study explores the change characteristics and internal mechanism of the green development efficiency of the restricted development zones in Shandong Province,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for the implementation of the major function positioning and the optimization of the green development pattern of the restricted development zones in Shandong Province.This study builds a green development efficiency input-output indicator system based on green development theory and related theories.The super-SBM model and the Malmquist index based on unexpected output is used to calculate the green development efficiency of 77 counties in the restricted development zones of Shandong Province from 2005 to 2017.Its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and driving mechanism have been analyzed.Main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)From the static change of time series,the green development efficiency of the restricted development zones in Shandong province was stable at a high effective level during the study period.The efficiency and changes of green development showed obvious regional imbalance characteristics.The efficiency of green development among counties was generally high,with 79% in highly effective areas and above.But the change trajectory of green development efficiency among counties was significantly different.From the dynamic change of time series,the green development efficiency of restricted development zones in Shandong Province showed a dynamic change trend of increasing-decreasing-increasing during the study period.The change of green development efficiency was influenced more by technological progress than by technological efficiency.(2)From 2005 to 2017,the regional differences in the green development efficiency of the restricted development zones in Shandong Province showed a decreasing trend.The green development efficiency showed a trend of agglomeration-dispersion-agglomeration in the layout.The green development efficiency of restricted development zones in Shandong Province showed the characteristics of spatial changes in which low-efficiency zones shifted from north to middle and high-efficiency zones shifted from west to east.Due to resource endowment,economic foundation and other differences,the trend of change in green development efficiency in coastal areas is better than inland areas,the change of green development efficiency in northern areas is better than south,and the change of green development efficiency in western areas is better than central areas.(3)The green development efficiency of restricted development zones in Shandong Province was driven by economic development and other driving forces.The change of the green development efficiency was influenced by such driving factors as the level of economic development.At the same time,the development of "economy-society-ecology" system will change to green development mode such as energy-saving,emission-reduction and environment-friendly.During the study period,the level of urbanization,the level of opening-up and the degree of financial development had positive driving effects on the green development efficiency.The level of economic development,the rural industrial structure,the level of industrial structure,the level of government finance,the level of residents' savings had negative driving effects on the green development efficiency.(4)In response of the problems such as unbalanced green development encountered in the restricted development zones of Shandong Province,this study holds that economic and urban development should be promoted according to local conditions,the transformation of old and new driving forces and the green transformation in agriculture should be accelerated,the green innovation and financial development should be strengthened,and the government leadership and public participation should be strengthened.These can promote the overall improvement of the green development efficiency of regional. |
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