Poverty Differentiation And Influence Mechanism In Mountainous Counties

Poverty has always been a worldwide problem.As the largest developing country in the world,China has a large number of poor people in its rural areas.By the end of 2018,there were still 16.6 million poor people in China.How to effectively and steadily achieve poverty alleviation in rural areas is the key concern to build a well-off society in an all-round way.Based on this,this paper took Songxian county in Henan province as a case study,used the spatial exploratory analysis and other methods to explore the poverty and pattern changes in Songxian,and used integratedly the geographical probe,geographically weighted regression and other methods to explore the different influence factors on Songxian poverty in size and different time scale factors on the poverty.Through the above analysis,this paper identified dominant influence factors of poverty in Songxian,revealed the county rural poverty impact mechanism,and divided rural poverty region types according to the size of the influencing factors of influence function partition.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The spatial distribution of poverty-stricken villages in Songxian is significantly different,and they are mainly distributed in the west and the south of the county.Correspondingly,the spatial difference of poverty in rural areas of Songxian is obvious,and the poverty incidence rate and its change range in the county region are gradually increasing from northeast to southwest.From the overall distribution,the poverty problem in Songxian is more prominent,which is manifested as the poverty incidence increases from northeast to southwest,and the poverty degree is unevenly distributed among administrative villages and towns,and the gap is large.(2)The spatial incidence of rural poverty in Songxian shows a significant clustering feature of high and low values,and the county poverty has a strong spatial dependence.In terms of time change,the incidence of rural poverty in Songxian has certain stability in the concentration of H-H and L-L types,while the number of H-Land L-H type areas is small,and these types have frequent changes and poor stability.The poverty hot spots in Songxian are all distributed on the edge of the township and county,while the poverty cold spots are concentrated on the periphery of the administrative center of the county.In terms of time change,both the poverty hot spot and the cold spot begin to change and disappear from a small area at the edge of the county,and then the poverty hot spot and the cold spot begin to change in a large area.(3)The influence of each factor on the rural poverty in the county region is significant,but the influence intensity and spatio-temporal variation of different factors are obviously different.On the whole,topographic features and resource endowment factors are the main factors affecting the occurrence and change of rural poverty in Songxian.The incidence of rural poverty in county areas has a high matching degree with the spatial classification of topographic features.With the change of time,the spatial matching degree first increases and then decreases.The influence of the interaction of each factor on the occurrence and change of rural poverty is a strengthening relationship,and the influence of each factor on the incidence of rural poverty with time and geographical location shows a positive and negative change in space.(4)The rural poverty is affected by many factors.The difference of the influence mechanism of rural poverty in different regions is significant.According to the leading factors of rural poverty differentiation in Songxian,it is divided into four impoverished regional types in the township level: terrain feature constraint type,resource endowment constraint type,traffic location constraint type,and economic location constraint type.According to the number of leading factors in the occurrence and change range of rural poverty in towns and villages,it is divided into single factor,double factor and multi-factor.(5)Under the different dominant factors,the corresponding poverty alleviation measures should be arranged according to local conditions reasonably.For regions with better economic base,we should vigorously support poor farmers to adapt to local conditions,rely on local resource endowment and development conditions,and develop characteristic industries.For mountainous areas with poor economic base,we should explore a new model of ecological poverty alleviation with characteristics.