Research On The Influence Of International Value Chain Fragmentation On The Position Of China's Manufacturing In Global Value Chain

With the development of production technology,more and more countries participate in global value chains focused on specific production stage and the international value chain fragmentation tends to deepen.In the early stage of China's manufacturing industry,labor resources were embedded in the global value chain.As a result,China's manufacturing industry has moved up the value chain to some extent.However,the actual situation that labor resource advantage is weakening day by day and production technology advantage still needs to be strengthened will make it prone to fall into the trap of comparative advantage and low-end locking.Therefore,in the context of deepening the international value chain fragmentation,it is particularly important to discuss the impact of the international value chain fragmentation on the position of China's manufacturing industry in the global value chain.This paper focuses on the study of international value chain fragmentation as an intermediary,whether China's manufacturing upstream can be effectively improved.First of all,based on the input-output model,this paper measures the change of the degree of international value chain fragmentation,and analyzes the change trend of the value chain position of different types of manufacturing industries in China.Then,the panel data simultaneous equation model is built to verify whether the fragmentation of international value chain hinders China's manufacturing industry from moving to the high-end level.This paper also studies the influence of China's value chain position on the division of international value chain and further explores the impact of different types of manufacturing industry's upstream and the impact of different types of manufacturing industry's upstream degree on the international value chain fragmentation.Finally,after the standardization of variables,the direct and circular effects of international value chain fragmentation on the upstream of manufacturing industry are analyzed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)the degree of Chinese manufacturing industry's international value chain fragmentation and regional international value chain fragmentation tend to decline,that is to say,the local production characteristic of China's manufacturing industry increases.Among them,the localization degree of labor-intensive industry production has been enhanced obviously,and the competitive advantage of demographic dividend still exists.The regional dependence of production in capital-intensive industries is greatly reduced,while the trend of international value chain fragmentation in technology-intensive industries is small and the degree of production localization is not obvious;(2)The overall upstream degree of China's manufacturing industry shows a gradual upward trend.The upstream degree of capital-intensive industries is relatively high,while the upstream degree of technology-intensive industries is in the middle,and the upstream of labor-intensive industries is relatively low.On the contrary,according to the analysis of the upstream degree,the upstream degree of labor-intensive industries increases greatly,while the upstream degree of capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries increases equally;(3)For China's manufacturing industry as a whole,the deepening of the division of international value chain is not conductive to its formation of economies of scale and thus hinders it from moving to the high-end level.The upward migration of China's manufacturing industry has reduced the import of key components from countries outside the region,thus hindering the division of international value chains outside the region,and the integration of production resources within the region is conductive to the fragmentation of international value chains in the region;(4)Based on different types of manufacturing industry,international value chain fragmentation hinders labor-intensive industries from climbing up the value chain,which is basically consistent with the overall estimation results of manufacturing industry.The segmentation of international value chains within the region hinders the improvement of the upstream degree of capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries.The difference is that the deepening of the market value of the value chain fragmentation outside the region has significantly promoted the shift of the status of the two types of industries in the global value chain;(5)with the international value chain fragmentation as an intermediary,through the "upstream degree?international value chain fragmentation?upstream degree",the deepening of value chain fragmentation with "low-end locking" status of China's labor-intensive industries are broken,contributing to the promotion of their position in the global value chains.?However,the capital-intensive industries have not moved towards the middle and high-end level along this cyclical cumulative path.The innovation of this paper lies in:further decomposing the foreign value added of China's manufacturing industry into foreign value added in the region and outside the region.This allows a more detailed examination of the extent of international value chain fragmentation within and outside the region.It can demonstrate the geographical fragmentation characteristics of the global value chain in which China's manufacturing industry is located,and provide a basis for regional economic cooperation and global economic cooperation in China's manufacturing industry.This paper discusses the value chain climbing of China's manufacturing industry from the perspective of direct effect and circular effect.It can specifically present the climbing path of the upstream of China's manufacturing industry and thus can compare the effect of different types of manufacturing industries on the different climbing path.This paper proposes policy recommendations for different types of manufacturing industries as follows:for China's manufacturing industry,especially labor-intensive industries,it is necessary to strengthen the protection of independent intellectual property rights,increase R&D investment to improve research and development autonomy,and get rid of the structural blockade of technological development.For capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries,taking into account the analysis that the international value chain fragmentation outside the region is conductive to the realization of the value chain upgrade,it should further strengthen trade exchanges within the region and promote regional economic cooperation based on the "Belt and Road".In view of the fact that labor-intensive and technology-intensive industries can effectively achieve value chain climbing through the division of international value chains,industrial policies such as export tax rebates and tax reductions should be used to support these industries to increase the number and types of imports and exports of intermediate goods in global value chain.