Off Shore Outsourcing Of Service Industry And Upgrading Of China’s Manufacturing Value Chain

Since the 1980s,economic globalization has promoted the establishment and development of a new international division of labor system,and the global value chain trade model dominated by intermediate goods trade has become a significant feature of world economic change and development.At the same time,the world economic structure shows a trend of transformation from manufacturing industry to service industry.In 2014,the added value of service industry accounted for 48.54%of the total global exports.Driven by a new round of scientific and technological revolution,the global value chain has been continuously integrated,developed and reshaped,and various intermediate products have been embedded in the production links of products to extend the length of the global value chain,which makes the product value and technical complexity continue to increase.In recent years,more and more manufacturing enterprises begin to outsource product research and development,business process,advertising and other service links to foreign professional service providers in commercial form.Services play a role of "glue" in the production and trade links,and offshore outsourcing of service industry emerges as the times require.Compared with the offshore manufacturing outsourcing,the outsourcing service sector has higher technology content and less resource consumption.The offshore outsourcing of service industry has gradually become an important part of a new round of international industrial restructuring and industrial transfer.With the improvement of global value chain division system,the input of service elements has an important impact on the value chain division status and international competitiveness of a country’s manufacturing industry.The offshore outsourcing of manufacturing enterprises’ service links can integrate and utilize global resources,save production costs,enhance product differentiation,and obtain competitive advantages.Under the background of continuous adjustment and improvement of the global industrial re division pattern,China must seize this opportunity,actively participate in the offshore service outsourcing division system under the global value chain,expand and extend the international market,build a manufacturing industry with international competitiveness,and promote the upgrading of the manufacturing value chain.Based on the above analysis,firstly,on the basis of combing the relevant literature,this paper analyzes the theoretical mechanism of the impact of offshore outsourcing of service industry on the division of labor status and international competitiveness of manufacturing value chain from the perspective of global value chain when considering the dual impact of division of labor and value-added creation.Secondly,based on the value-added measurement method,through improving the relevant indicators based on the total amount data measurement,using the world input-output database(WIOD)released in 2000-2014 In,the world input-output data measured the industry’s upstream degree,market share index based on forward linkage and revealed comparative advantage index,which were used to revaluate the division of labor status and international competitiveness of China’s manufacturing value chain.Thirdly,according to the influence mechanism of service offshore outsourcing on China’s manufacturing value chain upgrading,a econometric model is established to analyze the impact of service offshore outsourcing on manufacturing value chain upgrading by adding appropriate control variables.Finally,according to the results of theoretical and empirical research,this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the international competitiveness of manufacturing industry through offshore service outsourcing,promote the movement to the high value-added production link of global value chain,and promote the value chain upgrading of C hina’s manufacturing industry.The main conclusions of this paper include the following points.First,offshore outsourcing of service industry is conducive to promoting the upgrading of China’s manufacturing value chain.In terms of the location of value chain division,offshore outsourcing of service industry makes the position of China’s manufacturing industry in the global value chain tend to be downstream,which can promote the upgrading of China’s manufacturing value chain division.Second,in terms of value creation,no matter in the dimension of"quantity" or "quality",offshore outsourcing of China’s service industry has a positive role in promoting the international competitiveness of manufacturing industry,and the impact of offshore outsourcing of service industry on the international competitiveness of manufacturing industry is greater in"quality" than in "quantity".Third,the offshore outsourcing of high-tech service industry in China has stronger technology spillover effect,which promotes the upgrading of value chain of manufacturing industry more than that of low-tech service industry;the offshore outsourcing of service industry in EU and emerging countries has a greater impact on the upgrading of value chain of manufacturing industry;the technology intensive and capital intensive manufacturing enterprises can make full use of the service industry departure The professional learning opportunities brought by offshore outsourcing will further promote the division of labor status and international competitiveness of GVC enterprises;in addition to the independent impact on the upgrading of the value chain of China’s manufacturing industry,the offshore outsourcing of service industry will also affect the upstream degree and international competitiveness of manufacturing industry through the channel of improving the productivity of manufacturing industry.