Analysis Of The Impact Of Livelihood Capital On The Transformation From Subsistence Farmers To Business Farmers

In 2018,the No.1 Document of the Central Committee first discussed "promoting the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development".The background is that the development of small farmers is crucial to the stability of China's agricultural base and social stability.The proposition that "survival farmers change to operational farmers" is the proper meaning of "promoting the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture." Due to the natural logic of the evolution of the system that promotes the formation of new agricultural production methods and the resource endowment constraints,even if family agriculture decays and shrinks,it has its inherently free choice and externally endowed strong vitality.Due to the fact that poverty-stricken areas in China are mostly in mountainous hills or arid and semi-arid areas,modern agricultural companies and large farms representing new agricultural production methods have high cost of intervention.In the longer term,poor farmers' groups will be lifted out of poverty before the end of 2020,according to current standards.A large number of farmers continue to engage in production on a household basis,and promoting the transformation of surviving farmers to management-type farmers is an inevitable way to solve the problem of small-scale farmers' disintegration of livelihood vulnerability and income after poverty alleviation.Based on the theory of sustainable livelihood,this paper uses the field survey conducted by the research team in the Ningxia,Shaanxi,Gansu and Qinghai poverty-stricken areas in the four northwestern provinces in 2018 to collect the economic and financial data of the sample households as the research basis,and to measure the livelihood capital of the sample farmers.According to the relevant definitions and the economic characteristics of the households,the living households and the management households are divided,and the Logistic model is used to analyze the internal mechanism of the different living capitals to the evolution of the living farmers to the operating households.The main research contents are as follows:(1)combing relevant theoretical foundations and domestic and foreign research literatures,defining two types of "survival" and "operating" farmers,and establishing foundations for follow-up research;(2)relying on industries and incomes according to farmers The source and skill status classified 1960 questionnaires collected in face-to-face interviews in the field survey,and divided the sample farmers in the poverty-stricken areas into living-type farmers and management-type farmers,and statistically analyzed and portrayed the characteristics of the two types of sample farmers;(3)Continue to livelihood theory and related field experience research,build a livelihood capital indicator system,measure the stock of farmer's livelihood capital,and study the factors that induce survival farmers to evolve to business-oriented farmers;(4)According to the sample of agricultural income and no agricultural income Types of farmers,measuring the impact of natural capital(land)on the transition of surviving farmers to operational farmers;(5)Based on theoretical analysis and empirical results,propose to improve the livelihood capital of surviving farmers,and promote their sustainable livelihood and business-oriented Policy recommendations for farmer conversion.Through relevant research,the following conclusions are drawn:the vulnerability of the living environment largely restricts the level of subsistence capital of farmers in poverty-stricken areas,especially for surviving farmers;financial capital plays a significant positive role in the evolution of surviving farmers to operational farmers.effect.Natural capital has different meanings in the evolution of two types of farmers,agricultural income and non-agricultural income,to operating farmers.For farmers with agricultural income,for each additional unit of natural capital,the possibility of surviving farmers to expand to operating farmers is 1.17 times,indicating that the increase in the scale of land management by some farmers is still to promote the evolution of surviving farmers to operating farmers.One of the channels.For farmers without agricultural income,the increase in the amount of natural capital will inhibit the transition of surviving farmers to business-oriented farmers.A reasonable explanation may be that farmers with no agricultural income but more natural capital tend to turn to rely on urban industries to make a living.The contracted land is publicly or privately transferred.Based on this,this paper proposes policy recommendations to promote the transformation of surviving farmers to operational farmers,including the stock of the livelihood of the farmers.