Research On The Impact Of Rural Land Transfer On Labor Transfer

Since the reform and opening up,industrialization,urbanization and marketization have brought profound changes to our traditional social and economic structure.China has transformed from "native China" to "urban and rural China".However,China's urbanization level is still low,and agricultural development is relatively backward.To continue to improve the level of urbanization in China,we need to further promote the transfer of rural population,especially rural labor force to cities.For a long time,farmers in China have highly depended on the farm land.Whether the land contracted by farmers can be properly handled is of great importance to the smooth transfer of rural labor force.In view of this,this paper chooses the impact of rural land transfer on labor transfer as the research theme.At the same time,different regions and provinces have different endowments of land and labor force,different levels of economic development,and different industrial structures.The level of urbanization in different regions is also at different stages of development.The urbanization rate of developed areas has reached the level of developed countries,but the urbanization rate of underdeveloped areas in the west is still low,and there is still a lot of room for urbanization of rural population.Because of the different stages of development,the transfer of rural labor force and land transfer in different regions show different characteristics,so the degree and mechanism of the impact of rural land transfer on labor transfer are also different.Choosing different regions as the research object,the conclusions are often different.This paper chooses Gansu Province as the research object to explore and analyze the impact of rural land transfer on labor force transfer.Firstly,the paper analyses the overall situation of rural labor transfer and land transfer in Gansu Province.The results show that the proportion of non-agricultural employment and the proportion of land transfer of rural labor force in Gansu Province are lower than the national average.In view of this phenomenon,based on the existing theory and research literature,the author analyzed and summarized the factors affecting labor force transfer and land transfer.Important factors affecting the transfer of labor force include the gap between non-agricultural income and agricultural income,the population structure of rural households,the quality of labor force and the contracted land of farmers;factors affecting the transfer of land include the development of agricultural management organizations,the number of rural household labor force and the development of rural property rights market.After summarizing the relationship between rural labor force transfer and land transfer in Gansu Province and qualitative analysis of the factors affecting them,this paper establishes a simple model of maximizing family utility to visually show how rural land transfer affects the transfer of labor force.On this basis,the author uses the micro-scale of 121 households in Jingning County,Gansu Province,which was obtained by the author's field survey.The empirical analysis of this effect is made by observational data and OLS method.The empirical results confirm the inference of the mathematical model that the transfer of farmland can promote the transfer of rural labor force.Specifically,if the transfer rate of farmer land increases by one percentage point,the employment rate of labor force transfer will increase by 0.28 percentage points.This conclusion is drawn under the condition that the property rights of rural land are still unstable and the property rights trading market is absent.In addition,the empirical analysis of this paper also finds another noticeable conclusion,that is,there is almost no relationship between the transfer employment rate of household labor force and the rate of household land abandonlent.The influence of land transfer rate and land waste rate on the non-agricultural employment rate of farmerslabor force and the information obtained from field research show that land still has an important safeguard function for farmers in the region studied in this paper.This discovery can also be regarded as a marginal contribution to the existing research when the view that land has lost its security function is becoming more and more popular.In view of the above conclusions,this paper finally puts forward the following suggestions on promoting the positive interaction between the transfer of rural labor force and land transfer:first,improving the quality of rural labor force;second,improving the rural social security system and realizing the urban-rural connection of social security system;third,improving the quality of agricultural land and related supporting infrastructure;and fourth,establishing and improving the rural property rights trading market.