Study On The Efficiency Of Trade Cooperation Between Provinces And Key Countries Along The Belt And Road

As the core essence of opening up to the outside world in the new era,the Belt and Road initiative reflects the new connotation and trend of China’s foreign economic cooperation relationship with the world.As the basic unit for promoting the implementation of the “Belt and Road Initiative”,the provinces also is the carrier to promote china’ opening up level and quality of cooperation.Since the belt and road was put forward,all provinces have actively deployed economic cooperation along the B&R.Exploring new developments and dynamics of trade cooperation has becoming one of the main contents of opening up between provinces.However,the BRI involves many countries along the route.Each of them have diversity and complex condition.The cooperation between provinces and countries along the B&R generally faces many challenges such as economic investment risk and expansion of non-traditional security threats.In view of this,provinces are unlikely to achieve trade cooperation with all of the countries along B&R at the same time.They can only base cooperation basis,give play to their comparative advantages,and carry out targeted expansion of key countries along the line,promote cooperation by batch.The paper selects 69 countries along the B&R as the research object,and analyzes the development of trade cooperation between relevant countries and Chongqing.It is found that the trade cooperation is generally in the rising channel,and the proportion is stable.However,the total trade volume fluctuated greatly with the overall level of foreign trade cooperation in Chongqing.Moreover,trade cooperation between Chongqing and countries along the route has a high degree of regional agglomeration.Southeast Asia,West Asia and South Asia are the main cooperation areas along the route,accounting for 87% of the total trade along the line.In order to solve the problem of regional precision in the cooperation,this paper constructs a trade evaluation model to select the key country of the B&R from the perspective of provinces.Finally,the paper selects 18 countries as the key targets for trade cooperation,including Israel,Thailand,Poland,Singapore,New Zealand,United Arab Emirates and Vietnam Malaysia and so on.In addition,in order to measure the cooperation efficiency and potential of 18 key cooperation countries and explore the core variables that affect the trade cooperation level between provinces,this paper uses time-varying stochastic frontal gravitation model as an analytical tool and find out that the improvement of foreign direct investment and the operation of the land-sea channel have significantly improved the level of trade efficiency and cooperation.The higher the openness of relevant country trade,the better the quality of infrastructure and the lower the tariff level,can attract Chongqing enterprises to carry out larger trade cooperation with them.Further more,relative to the economic scale of the cooperate partner,production capacity is the greater impact on the scale of trade.From the empirical results,it can be seen that in the process of trade cooperation between Chongqing and the key countries from 2000 to 2016,trade inefficiency is significant.Due to the impact of the international financial crisis in 2007,the overall trade efficiency has declined slightly,and has not yet recovered to the highest level before the crisis.Finally,this paper combines the potential and efficiency to classify key countries into four categories,and formulate differentiation cooperation strategy for each key countries,The research suggests that,as the basic unit and core driving force for opening up,provinces should adopt a differentiation cooperation strategy for each of key country and make full use of the meaning of building the new open economy system.Chongqing should start from these aspects,such as upgrading the business environment;upgrading interconnected level with countries along the B&R;optimizing the structure of trade commodities;strengthen the country cooperation;speeding up the process of building a new open economic system,to comprehensively upgrade the level of cooperation with countries along the belt and road.