| With the continuous improvement of economic living standards,health has been one of the key issues of concern,and countries have paid more and more attention to the development of the pharmaceutical industry.In recent years,under the background of increasing aging and weakening of the demographic dividend,it is difficult for countries to participate in the global value chain division with low-cost labor advantages.Therefore,improving the trade structure and improving the export technology content of products have become the focus of national development.The acceleration of the process of economic globalization has contributed the economic and trade relations of various countries to show a complex network development trend.The acquisition of technology in a country is bound to be affected by the status of the country in the trade network.Considering the availability and contrast of data,93 countries are selected as research objects in this thesis.Comprehensively use of social network analysis methods,panel model testing and other research methods to study the trade characteristics of pharmaceutical products in various countries and how it will affect export technology sophistication.To this end,based on the summary of relevant research status,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of trade network strength,network disparity and network aggregation coefficient on the export technology sophistication from the perspectives of dry middle school effect,demonstration effect,contagion effect and competition effect.Secondly,through the social network analysis method,using network centrality,network strength,network aggregation coefficient,network disparity,structural hole and other indicators to describe the characteristics of the national pharmaceutical product trade network,through the calculation of the coreness to reflect the core edge structure characteristics of each country.Then,using the product-level approach proposed by Hausmann et al.to compare the export technology sophistication of 93 countries.Then,based on the previous research hypothesis,the econometric model is constructed to empirically test the influence of the characteristics of the trade network on export technologysophistication.Finally,put forward appropriate suggestions on how to improve export technology sophistication of pharmaceutical products in China.The results show that: Firstly,the density of pharmaceutical product trade networks is generally on the rise,and the trade links between pharmaceutical products in various countries are increasingly close.Secondly,specific to each network characteristic,the three trade network characteristic variables of network degree,network strength and network disparity are skewed,while the number of countries with fewer trading partners is decreasing,the trade gap between countries is also narrowing,and most countries’ trade in pharmaceutical products tends to spread to different countries.The average aggregation coefficient of each year has not changed much,the pharmaceutical product trade network has small world characteristics and rich club phenomenon.Structural hole indicators indicate that the control power of European and American countries in the network is weakening,and emerging economies such as BRICS are increasingly influential in the network.The coreness shows that the core of the network is mostly developed countries.Thirdly,the technical sophistication of exporting pharmaceutical products in sample countries is generally on the rise.Fourthly,network strength,network disparity and network aggregation coefficient have a significant positive effect on the complexity of export sophistication.In addition,samples are divided into low-middle-income,middle-high-income and high-income countries and subsample regression results are basically consistent with the total sample,network strength and disparity significantly promote the technological sophistication of the three types of national pharmaceutical products while the effect of clustering coefficient is not significant in middle-high-income countries.The level of economic development,human capital and openness have always contributed to the improvement of export technology sophistication. |
