Analysis Of Crop Planting Structure And Comparative Advantage In Heilongjiang Province From 2005 To 2015

Heilongjiang Province is one of the important commodity grain bases in China.Since the policy of the new rural construction in 2005,Under the combined influence of market demand,agricultural subsidies,climate change and the global trade pattern of agricultural products,the planting structure of crops in Heilongjiang province has changed significantly in time and space.While making great contributions to ensuring China's food security,new structural problems,lack of competitiveness and ecological degradation have also emerged.The spatial pattern of crops is an important basis for understanding crop planting structure and adjusting agricultural structure.It is of great significance to the theoretical and practical issues of national agricultural production management,national food security early warning and assessment,and guidance of agricultural adaptation to climate change.The scientific allocation of crop spatial pattern should meet the requirements of local natural ecosystems,and must take advantage of agricultural resources according to local conditions and achieve good economic results.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of crop planting structure for the long-term development of regional agriculture.This study takes Heilongjiang Province as the research area.Based on county-level data of crop patterns in 2005,2010 and 2015 in Heilongjiang Province,this paper explores the spatial-temporal characteristics of major grain crops in Heilongjiang Province from 2005 to 2015 by using mathematical statistics and ESDA methods.Calculate the dominant crops in Heilongjiang Province relative to the three provinces of the country and the three northeastern provinces,and calculated the dominant crop types in the counties of Heilongjiang Province,also determine the production areas of crop production,in order to provide a reasonable basis for the rational distribution of crops in Heilongjiang Province.This paper consists of five parts.The first chapter mainly introduces the research background,research purpose and significance,the research status of relevant fields at home and abroad,research methods and technical routes.The second chapter mainly introduces the relevant theoretical foundations of comparative advantage theory,resource endowment theory,agricultural division theory,industrial structure theory,and defines related concepts.The third chapter first introduces the basic conditions of Heilongjiang Province,then introduces the social and economic conditions and agricultural production conditions of Heilongjiang Province,and the research methods such as standard deviation ellipse,spatial autocorrelation and comparative advantage measurement are described.The fourth chapter mainly introduces the time and space characteristics of crop planting structure in Heilongjiang Province.The variation law of planting structure of main crops in Heilongjiang Province was determined.The fifth chapter uses comparative advantage to calculate the superior crops in Heilongjiang Province relative to the whole country,and compare Jilin Province and Liaoning Province,which are similar to the natural resources of Heilongjiang Province,find out the superior crops of Heilongjiang Province relative to the other two provinces.At the same time,the dominant crops of Heilongjiang counties were determined.The sixth chapter is the conclusion and suggestion part of this paper.It mainly discusses the main conclusions obtained by this research and proposes the crop layout in Heilongjiang Province.The results indicate that: the total planting area of crops in Heilongjiang Province is increasing,which is more typical of rice and corn;It is obvious that over the last ten years,The structure of crops in Heilongjiang Province has changed significantly.The center of gravity of rice planting is moving to the northeast,the center of gravity of corn planting is also moving to the northeast,and the center of gravity of soybean planting is moving to the northwest.The rice High-high clusters are concentrated in Sanjiang Plain and Songhua River area,the corn High-high clusters are concentrated in Songnen plains,and the soybean High-high clusters are mainly concentrated in large area of Xiao Hinggan Mountains.Currently,there still have some potential for rice planting,regions with transferred-in and stable rice production increased greatly;Corn has basically reached saturation level,a large number of counties transform from the transferred-in regions to the stable regions;Soybean production power is insufficient,from 2010 to 2015,82.7% of the counties in Heilongjiang province became soybean transferred-out regions.With the adjustment of the crop structure,the planting types have changed from soybean and its combinations to corn and its combination crops.Heilongjiang Province has formed the spatial crop structure form north to south as follow: soybean dominated,soybean and corn dominated,corn dominated,and corn and rice dominated.Heilongjiang province has a certain comprehensive advantage in rice and soybean,especially soybean,the comprehensive advantage is significantly higher than the national average level.The comprehensive advantage zone of rice and maize in each county is mainly formed on a large scale,and the comprehensive advantage zone of soybean is the result of the combined effect of scale advantage and efficiency advantage.In the end,this paper puts forward some suggestions for the scientific adjustment of agricultural structure.