Spatial And Temporal Evolution And Genetic Analysis Of Urbanization In Qinghai Province

Urbanization is not only an important way of building a moderately prosperous society,but also the inevitable trend of social and economic development.Urbanization is the glomeration of non-agricultural industry and non-agricultural population into cities in the process of industrialization development.It is the main symbol of measuring the social and economic development of a region.actively and steadily promotes the development of urbanization.It is an important guarantee for the healthy and coordinated development of factors such as population,economy,resource allocation and environment that actively and steadily promoting the development of urbanization.Qinghai Province is located on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Which not only plays a decisive role in the northwest and even the whole country and the whole world.Based on ArcGIS,Geoda and geographical detector softwares,from 2000 to 2015,population urbanization,the economy and society of Qinghai province,using the method of mean square error,coefficient of variation coefficient,tin,and spatial correlation to analyze and temporal evolution of urbanization at different scales in Qinghai Province from the perspective of local population,economic and social factors during 2000-2015,and further quantitatively evaluate driving forces.The main conclusions are as follows:Using Single Index Method and Compound Index Method to Measure Urbanization Level in Qinghai Province,the results show that the urbanization level of Qinghai Province showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2015.In regional scale: Xining City and Haixi Prefecture were higher than other cities(Prefectures)in terms of urbanization from 2000 to 2015.The urbanization level of Xining City and Haixi Prefecture reached more than 70% in 2015,which is at a high level.The main reason is that Haixi has abundant resources and conditions,and has a high level of economic development.Xining is a capital city of Qinghai Province,which has a better natural condition,location advantage and perfect infrastructure,those have accelerated the development of urbanization,while the prefectures of Yushu,Guoluo and Huangnan,which are located in the southern part of Qinghai Province,are ecologically fragile due to the constraints of the natural environment,and their urbanization level is less than 50%.In district scale,overall,the urbanization level of counties in Qinghai Province has gradually increased during 2000-2015,the urbanization levels of some districts in the western and eastern regions of Qinghai Province were relatively high,including the Cold Lake Commission and Mangya,Dachaidan Executive Committee,the urban district of Xining City ?Golmud?Wulan ? Ping?an district,however,the urbanization level less than 30% in some of the districts in the southern region and some of the agricultural areas in the eastern region of Qinghai Province.The level of urbanization was characterized that dots in the higher districts,lines in the middle districts and surfaces in the lower districts.Using the extreme value,standard deviation,coefficient of variation,and Theil coefficient to analyze the level of urbanization at different time periods in 2000,2005,2010 and 2015.In cities(prefectures)scale,the evolution is characterized by the extreme value increased from 33.17% to 69.70%,the standard deviation increased from 10.69% to 20.79%,the coefficient of variation decreased from 0.43 to 0.40 and the Theil coefficient decreases from 0.17 to 0.15 in cities(prefecture)of Qinghai Province,it shows that the absolute differences of the urbanization levels in cities(prefectures)of Qinghai Province are gradually increasing,the relative differences are decreasing,and the differences in the level of urbanization at the regional scale are decreasing.In district scale,the extreme value increased from 37.64% to 54.75%,the standard deviation increased from 9.73% to 11.84%,the coefficient of variation decreased from 0.37 to 0.32,and the Theil coefficient increased from 0.26 to 0.27 in districts of Qinghai Province,it shows that the absolute differences in the districts show an increasing trend,the relative differences gradually decrease,the level of urbanization changes greatly,and there is an imbalance between districts.Based on Geoda software,using spatial autocorrelation and global autocorrelation to analyze the degree of spatial correlation of urbanization.The results show: the Moran's I index of the districts' urbanization level in Qinghai Province is greater than 0,showing a positive correlation,and there are spatial agglomerations with similar urbanization levels,and most districts have "high-high" and "low-low" agglomeration phenomena.The districts in the “high-high” type area are mainly distributed in the western and eastern regions of Qinghai Province,accounting for 33% of the total area.The “low-low” type area is mainly distributed in the southern part of Qinghai Province and accounts for 40% of the total area.Using Geo-detectors to measure the influencing factors of urbanization level,the results show that the main factors affecting the level of urbanization in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2005 are the proportion of non-agricultural population and the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries,indicating that population and industrial structure are the main factors that restrict the urbanization level of Qinghai Province.In 2010,in addition to the industrial structure,the level of economic development is the main factor affecting the development of urbanization.With the development of urbanization,the driving force for economic growth is stronger for urbanization.It can increase residents' income,stimulate employment and industrial development..Therefore,economic development is playing an increasingly important role in the development of urbanization now and in the future.The influence of investment,consumption and infrastructure of the region on the level of urbanization has gradually increased in 2015.The intensity of the two-factor interaction between 2000 and 2015 is much greater than that of the single factor effect,indicating that the interaction of different factors can promote the development of urbanization.