| In the context of the rise of consumer city,catering industry becomes increasingly important with the increase of cities’ service function.The integration of the Internet and traditional industries constitutes a new format of industry called ‘Internet+’.The fast integration of catering industry and Internet under the influence of Chinese long-standing diet culture promotes the emergence and the rapid development of “online popular restaurants”,which has become a trend and hot spot in urban consumption.As the most developed city in China,Shanghai has the oldest and the most mature online popular restaurants.Studying the spatial characteristics of online popular restaurants in Shanghai,can not only provide reference for consumers’ life,businessmen’ production and governments’ planning,but also provide evidence of the evolution of catering industry and the changes of its space under the influence of the Internet.It can also provide an empirical basis for the further integration of virtual space and physical space.This paper define “online popular restaurants” as the restaurants that gain popularity through the Internet or greatly enhance their attractiveness on existing basis through the Internet,and get great attention as well as good reputation on the Internet.1202 online popular restaurants are selected from all points of interest of Shanghai’s catering industry,by two quantifiable criteria-popularity on the Internet and public cognition.Using spatial analysis of circle,density,agglomeration,hierarchy,this paper summarizes the spatial characteristics of online popular restaurants and compares it with the spatial characteristics of ordinary restaurants.Then,this paper studies the dynamic spatial expansion of online popular restaurants which can help us understand the origin and development of online popular restaurants,as well as the driving factors behind its location changes.By using correlation analysis,buffer analysis and qualitative analysis,the impact of these location factors on the spatial pattern of online popular restaurants is verified.In the same part,the impact of these location factors is compared with their impact on ordinary restaurants.Their differences show how the Internet influences the traditional location factors.Finally,using questionnaire and case analysis,this paper researches the possible impact of online popular restaurants on micro,medium,and macro space.The result shows that: the current situation is that online popular restaurants in Shanghai show a strong trend of agglomeration,and they are more concentrated and closer to the city center than ordinary restaurants.There is a main core area and a secondary core area.This type of restaurant tends to assemble centering on shopping malls,and their agglomerations are more concentrated and closer to urban center.The spatial pattern has a hierarchy of “1-1-1-4”,in which the low-level central places are weak.The dynamic process shows that the birth place of online popular restaurants are accidental,its early expansion is ruled by the law of contact diffusion and hierarchical diffusion,and the later cross-regional expansion’s region is mainly affected by distance,but the city to expand is still restricted by urban grade.In Shanghai,the expansion of online popular restaurants mainly follows the law of hierarchical diffusion.The above spatial characteristics forms under the joint influence of population,economy,transportation,agglomeration,distance from the city center,level of commercial center and adjustment of business mode.Population,economy,transportation,agglomeration and distance from the city center have a weaker pulling effect on online popular restaurants than on the ordinary ones.However,the online popular restaurants are more reliant and oriented to these factors.The spatial distribution of online popular restaurants are influenced by many factors,but online popular restaurants also has its own spatial impacts: on the micro scale,they can stimulate more and farther individual travel behaviors;on the medium scale,they can attract consumers for malls and other close-by shops;on the macro scale,they can affect the size and the core area of the business circles,and then influence the commercial structure and other factors of the city.The last but not the least,in the case of online popular restaurants which were generated under the influence of the Internet,the Internet has not been able to free the catering industry from the constraints of geographical distance,nor has it weakened the impact of traditional location factors.Compared with the space pattern of online take-out restaurants and online group-buying restaurants,the Internet brings further classification and division of space. |
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