Study On The Impact Of Social Security Expenditure Efficiency And Income GAP On Rural Residents' Vulnerability

This study uses theoretical and empirical methods to study the impact of rural social security expenditure efficiency and income gap on the poverty vulnerability of rural residents in China based on data obtained from China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)Date,China Statistical Yearbook,China Health Statistics Yearbook,and China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook.Firstly,through public production theory,government intervention theory and trickle theory,this paper analyzes the mechanism of the impact of social security expenditure efficiency on poverty vulnerability,income gap on poverty vulnerability and social security expenditure efficiency on income gap,and proposes relevant research hypotheses.Secondly,this study set a new data containing macro and micro is formed by combining the provincial level data and the micro survey data,this study use the data envelopment analysis(DEA)to measure the efficiency of rural social security expenditure,use the feasible least squares method(FGLS)to measure poverty vulnerability of rural residents,and measured Gini coefficient as a proxy variable of income gap.Then this study use panel Tobit model,fixed effect model,quantile regression and other models to empirically test impact of the social security expenditure efficiency and income gap on poverty vulnerability of rural residents,andestablish interaction model and mediation effect test model to test the inter-regulatory effect of social security expenditure efficiency and income gap and the mediating effect of income gap on the impact of social security expenditure efficiency on poverty vulnerability.Lastly,draw conclusions based on the empirical results,and put forward corresponding policy recommendations based on the current situation of China's social security and income gap.The results show that:(1)China's rural social security expenditure efficiency presents a state of “large scale,inadequate configuration optimization,and low overall efficiency”.(2)Although the Gini coefficient in rural areas in China has been declining and the income gap has been shrinking,the absolute value of the Gini coefficient is still at a relatively high level.(3)The income gap in this study is based on the Gini coefficient measured by the community(village)as a reference group.It is more reflective of the income gap within the rural area than the urban-rural Gini coefficient.(4)Improving the efficiency of rural social security expenditure is conducive to reducing the poverty vulnerability of rural residents,it is not “pro-poor”,but it reflects the characteristics of “anti-pro-poor”.(5)The income gap plays a mediating role with the regulatory effect in the impact of social security expenditure efficiency on rural residents' poverty vulnerability,and income gap conduct the incomplete mediating effect.Based on the research conclusions,it proposes to optimize the social security expenditure structure,appropriatelyadjust the scale of social security expenditures;give full play to the social security redistribution function,continuously reduce the rural internal income gap;improve the rural population human capital stock,enhance farmers' ability to resist poverty risks;We will ensure the role of “bottom”and improve the rural social security “pro-poor” and other countermeasures.The main contributions of this study are:(1)In theory,this study incorporates social security expenditure efficiency,income gap and rural residents' poverty vulnerability into a framework to study the impact of social security expenditure efficiency and income gap on rural residents' poverty vulnerability.(2)In the establishment of the poverty vulnerability model,this study refers to Amartya Sen's theory of feasible behavior to measures the poverty vulnerability of rural residents based on the multidimensional poverty measurement dimension indicator as an explanatory variable.(3)The income gap in this study is measured by using the community(village)as a reference group for the selected samples.Compared with the urban-rural income gap,it can better reflect the income gap within the rural areas(.4)This study not only studies the impact of social security expenditure efficiency and income gap on rural residents' poverty vulnerability,but also studies the inter-modulation effect of the social security expenditure efficiency and income gap,and the mediating effect of the income gap.