A Political Economic Analysis Of The Abandonment Of Chinese Agricultural Land

China is a country with large population and scarce resources.It is our mission and responsibility to cherish and rationally use all resources to achieve sustainable development.As a non-renewable and important natural resource,careful to use the cultivated land is also a basic national policy.However,from the beginning of reform and opening up,the demand for labor force in non-agricultural industries has been increasing.Some rural residents close to Guangdong and other open areas have begun to abandon the land that has been cultivated for generations.From rural to newly opened cities,they choose to work in cities.Therefore,the phenomenon of agricultural land abandonment began to appear.As China’s economy has maintained ultra-high-speed growth for more than a decade and the acceleration of urbanization has accelerated,the transfer rate of rural population to cities has also accelerated.A large number of rural residents in underdeveloped areas such as the central and western regions have chosen to go out to work,go to school,do business,etc.,and have left the countryside,causing the phenomenon of farmland abandonment to appear everywhere in the country and gradually expanding with the passage of time.Therefore,since the 1990 s,more and more serious agricultural land abandonment across the country has caused serious impacts on land management,food security,farmland protection,rural governance,and national policies that are difficult to implement at the grassroots level.The phenomenon of land abandonment has attracted the attention of the central and local governments and the theoretical circles.Although the central government has implemented a series of preferential agricultural policies aimed at promoting agricultural development,the development trend of agricultural land abandonment was not been fundamentally reversed,and the phenomenon of agricultural land abandonment has continued to increase,whether it is the eastern region or the central and western regions.Moreover,there is a tendency to spread continuously.In the face of the long-standing basic situation of agricultural land abandonment,even in some areas,there is a trend of continuous expansion and deterioration,and the theoretical circles have studied the causes of this phenomenon.The severe situation also prompted the country to explicitly put forward the concept of “three-power separation” of agricultural land for the first time in 2014,and proposed to further subdivide the contracted management right of agricultural land into management rights and contracting rights.The village collectives enjoy Ownership,farmers enjoy the right to contract and management,but unlike the past,farmers can choose to operate their own land,or they can choose to rent out farmland and exchange management rights into money,thereby increasing their income.However,the author combines several field research under the guidance of instructors,saw,and heard in their home,found abandoned farmland phenomenon was not been solved fundamentally,the rural collective property rights system reform advocated by the state is merely to solve a small in some agricultural land,and there is still a large amount of farmland being abandoned.In view of this,the author attempts to use the method of field research to use his own hometown,XX Town Nanchong City,Sichuan Province as a research area,to conduct household surveys in the form of questionnaires,to clarify their views,and to learn from their own statistics.The theory of political economy,systematic and multi-faceted interpretation of agricultural land abandonment,and provide some suggestions for these reasons.Therefore,the structure of this article expanded as follows:The first part: the Introduce of the idea,in this section,I will introduces the background of the main topic,reasons and the research methods and ideas that will adopted in the article from a large direction.On the other hand,the author hopes to address the important issues and possible deficiencies in this article.The second part: Define the concept of agricultural land abandonment,and start with the concept,summarize the research conclusions and results of domestic and foreign literatures,systematically sort out relevant political economic theories,and provide theoretical basis for the later systematic and professional analysis of this problem.The third part: to determine the object of field research,analyze the status quo of the research object,use the method of questionnaire survey,use statistical methods,analyze and summarize the problem from the perspective of the obtained statistical data,and initially draw the direct impact of farmers on the phenomenon of agricultural land abandonment factor.The fourth part: Starting from the productivity theory in the important theory of Marxist political economy,from the three perspectives of laborer elements,labor object elements and labor mode elements,the reasons for the abandonment of agricultural land will analyzed and discussed in detail.The fifth part: Starting from the theory of production relations in the important theory of Marxist political economy,from the perspectives of ownership relations,property rights,human-land relations,producer status,land rent,urban-rural relations,etc.,the factors that produce the phenomenon of agricultural land abandonment expounded..The sixth part: mainly proposes policy recommendations for solving the phenomenon of agricultural land abandonment.The main measures include vigorously developing science and technology,changing the Household Annual Output Contract Responsibility system,and improving and standardizing agricultural land information management.In addition,trading system;strengthen land circulation,enrich the development and utilization of agricultural land,encourage the connection of rural and urban development,coordinate and coordinate urban and rural development,and vigorously promote the construction of a new socialist countryside.