The Formation Process Of Spin-off Network In Traditional Rural Clusters And Its Factors

Industrial clusters have always been a hot topic for international research,and spin-off has contributed to the growth of clusters.At present,there are a large number of literatures in China and abroad to study the spin-off network in the cluster and the factors that influence the spin-off,but most of these studies are carried out around the manufacturing and high-tech industries and the urban areas they rely on,paying attention to the clusters in traditional rural communities is not enough,and most of the research on the influencing factors of spin-off is qualitative speculation,lack of quantitative research.Therefore,based on the existing research and theory of industrial clusters,spin-off and enterprise network,this article takes the national musical instrument cluster in Lankao county,Henan Province,China as an example,through interviews and field research,analyzes the spin-off types,spin-off paths and the formation process of spin-off network in traditional rural industrial clusters from multiple angles,and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods is used to analyze the factors affecting the formation of spin-off network.The following conclusions:(1)Farmers with entrepreneurial spirit,relying on local resource advantages,have established a certain industry start-up enterprise triggered by certain opportunities.Start-ups disseminate technology to nearby farmers,and farmers use technology to create new businesses.A large number of new companies derived from various paths are closely connected with start-ups or parent companies to form a derivative network.(2)In the industrial clusters of traditional rural areas,enterprises mainly derive new related enterprises through the fission spin-off of large enterprises,family spin-off,outsourcing spin-off and market spin-off paths.Among them,family spin-off is a unique spin-off path based on social relations in rural industrial clusters,which is different from the high-tech industrial clusters based on economic linkages in urban areas.The spin-off types in traditional rural industrial clusters mainly include horizontal spin-off,vertical spin-off,and side spin-off.(3)According to the change of the number of enterprises caused by the important nodes in the development process of industrial clusters,the formation process of spin-off network in industrial clusters can be divided into the nascent stage,the low-speed expansion stage and the rapid expansion stage;in the different stages of the formation of spin-off network,spin-off types,spin-off paths,scale and spatial distribution of spin-off enterprises,and competition and cooperation between enterprises are different.(4)The factors affecting the formation of spin-off network in traditional rural industrial clusters include entrepreneurial spirit,economic foundation,learning ability and other factors of farmer's own attributes;resource endowments,market demand,government policies and other external environmental factors;as well as teacher and student relationships,relatives and friends relationships,upstream and downstream supply relationships of farmer's relationship attributes.Through the econometric model,it is found that in the relationship attribute factors of farmers,the contribution to the formation of spin-off network in traditional rural industrial clusters is followed by teacher and student relationships > relatives and friends relationships > upstream and downstream supply relationships.