Study On The Evaluation And Training Of Tour Guide's Occupational Competence Under The Background Of Free Practice

With the improvement of tourism mode and the upgrading of tourism consumption in China,the demand of tourists for cultural experience and professional explanation has gradually increased,and tour guide has become one of the popular occupations in modern society.In May 2016,the "The Management on Free Practice Pilot of Tour Guide" was promulgated,China began to formally implement the pilot program of free guided tour.This indicates that the future model of tour guides will form a pattern of coexistence of the traditional model,the rise of free practice and the innovation of individual model.It also means that tour guide service will be independent from package tour products as a single service product the requirements of tour guides'occupational competence in the tourism market will be more detailed and specialized.At the same time,the cultivation of tour guide talents in China has long been based on a single traditional practice mode,not only the requirements of the occupational competence of tour guides are not clear enough,but also the problem of disconnection with the tourism industry and market demand,so that the overall quality of tour guides is difficult to meet the needs of tourism development.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study and discuss the evaluation and cultivation of tour guides'occupation competence under the background of free practice,through the construction of the index system of tour guides' occupational competence and the evaluation of tour guides' occupational competence,and then to explore the countermeasures for the cultivation of tour guides' professional competence.In the aspect of theoretical analysis,On the basis of analyzing and combing relevant research results and basic theories,this paper discusses the basic theories of tour guide professional ability from the aspects of concept,connotation,classification,formation and training,in order to lay a theoretical foundation for the empirical and countermeasure research of the latter text.The paper holds that the professional competence of tour guides is a stable comprehensive ability which can be competent for tour guide work and realize career development through the construction of its own knowledge,skills and quality in order to meet the professional task requirements of tour guide.Because the occupational competence of tour guide can be divided into three aspects of occupational knowledge,occupational skills,occupational quality.but with the progress of the times,especially the development of Internet technology,more and more new elements will be included in the category and content of tour guide's occupational competence;At present,the training of tour guides' occupational competence is mainly carried out through vocational training of tour guides and education of tourism colleges and universities,However,in order to further improve the quality of training,it is necessary to develop strategies at different levels and make them integrated and innovative.In the aspect of empirical research,this paper summarizes from normative documents,visitor network commentary texts,free practice tour guide interviews and related academic literature,initially constructs the index system of tour guides'occupational competence,screens and optimizes the index by Delphi method,assigns weight to each dimension and index by multiplication scale method,a set of three dimensions:vocational knowledge,vocational skills,vocational quality,and formed the tour guide Occupational competence Index System which is composed of six elements of professional knowledge,basic knowledge,group skills,development skills,professional character,professional quality and 27 sub-indexes.After that,according to the system,a questionnaire was designed to evaluate the occupational competence of tour guides,and the evaluation data were carried out by means of the combination of tour guide self-assessment and tourists ' evaluation,and it shows that the level of occupational competence of tour guides in China is at a medium and low level,and there are some problems with unreasonable ability structure,also there are significant differences in the occupational competence of tour guides with different working years.In terms of countermeasures,from the above theoretical analysis and empirical research,according to the relative weights of the various competency indicators in the tour guide's professional ability system and the current status of the ability level reflected in the tour guide's professional ability assessment,this paper discusses the countermeasures of the cultivation of tour guide's occupational competence from the aspects of goal,curriculum,mechanism,platform and other aspects.The study holds that only based on the stage of ability development to formulate dynamic training objectives,developing and training courses according to the needs of occupational competence,perfecting the personnel training mechanism through the association of business and enterprise,and constructing the self-improvement platform in combination with career planning,then we effectively improve the occupational competence of tour guides and adapt them to the needs of the times under the background of free practice,to provide tourists with a higher level,higher quality tour guide service.