On The Quality Of Rural Labor Force

During the incessant thirteen years,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council has made policies that focus on the issues of agriculture,rural areas and farmers,which are involved with the interests of the state and people.This showcases that our country attaches great importance to the issues of agriculture,rural areas and farmers.Meanwhile,the key to solve the three issues is to improve rural laborer's competence.Our country's agriculture has entered a brand new stage.The development of rural economy continues to speed up and the rural residents' incomes are increasing.But with the expansion of the urbanization and the rapid development of the social economy,a large number of the rural labors give up their agricultural careers and turn to the secondary industry and the tertiary industries.And as the new rural generations with good competence go to cities,more and more off-famer rural labors devoted themselves to their work and business in cities and in the rural areas,the old,the weak,the sick,women and children are left,which makes a large quantity of farm lands become empty or nearly bare.The rural ageing labors and the low quality of the rural labors can't keep pace with the development of agricultural modernization and industrialization.Moreover,these problems hinder the development of the agricultural economy severely.This paper consists of four chapters.First,this paper's analyses are based on the field survey in Ningyang,Shandong.The paper summarizes the present situation of the county's rural labor force's quality and its existing problems.Second,this paper analyzes the main causes of the low quality rural labors in Ningyang,Shandong.Finally,solutions and advice to improve the rural labors' quality are presented.Chapter 1 is the introduction,which introduces the background,meaning,and necessity of the paper's subjects,states the research trend about the improvement of rural labors' quality,and explains the research contents,research ideas,and research methods.Chapter 2 describes the selecting of the responds,conceiving of research methods,collecting of research samples,and presents the data analysis about 472 people and five kinds of agricultural operation cases in Ningyang,Shandong.First,this chapter analyzes the unreasonable age structure of the rural labor force in Ningyang,and the fact that there are many rural empty-nesters,left-over children in the county and large number young adults go to other places and do some physical works which don't need high technical skills.Second,this chapter dissects the interview record of the 472 people and five kinds of agricultural operation cases.On one hand,the problem that exists in Ningyang,Shandong,shall be explained form five factors,namely: the degree of education,technology skill,point of views,healthy situation and managing ability.The research reveals that the rural labor forces in Ningyang are of low education level and merely have short education.It is difficult for them to climb to higher industry,for their technology skill is poor.Their minds are narrow and backward and they know little about the state laws.Their physical conditions are not good and the medicine care in rural areas is humble.They lack management ability and are not able to withstand marketing risk.On the other hand,the interview of the five kinds of agricultural operation subjects shows their operating states: First,marketing risk eludes rural cooperatives and rural resident's income is increasing.Second,farmers who plant crops with traditional farming methods,gain little money but spend much time and energy.Third,in vegetable-production bases,the cultivating cost is expensive while the operating risk is high.Fourth,livestock breeders haven't received the state's subsidy.Fifth,poor family's farm lands are occupied,and they merely receives simple compensations.Finally,this chapter summarizes the main causes the low quality of the rural labors,in Ningyang,Shandong,from the aspects of individuals,government,and society.When it comes to rural labor themselves,as the high quality rural labor flows to cities and many of the rest show little interest in technical training,the rural labors are low in the competence of operation and management.In terms of the governments,they fail to considerate the development of rural area's education.Moreover,policy measures and educational and training system are insufficient and technological service system is weak,which contribute to the lower technology skills of the rural labors.As for the society factor,under the influence of history and traditional ideas,the traditional agriculture embraces the low competence labors,which in turn takes responsibility for the backwardness of rural folks' minds.Chapter 3 puts forward some advices and measures to improve the rural labor's competence in Ningyang,Shandong.First,The governments should invest in rural basic education and educational facilities,and develop trainings of technology education and IT education,to enhance the rural teachers teaching ability and to cultivate excellent rural grassroots cadres.Second,gradually change rural labors' minds,by reinforcing the rural areas' spiritual and cultural construction,the construction of democracy and law system and speeding up the spreading of new ideas.Third,the governments should build more rural health and medical institutions,invest more capital in basic medical and health infrastructures and reform the medical system.Enhance the quantity of new born generations with the controlling the number of rural populations.Gradually improve the medical care service and living environment of rural labors and their health conditions.Fourth,cultivate the group of a new type of famers.Improve rural labor's managing ability through training new and professional farmers,strengthening the collaboration and interaction between farmers and relative business men,and deepening the reform of agricultural system,etc.Fifth,create a socialized agricultural service system.Improve the public service mechanism of government.Give more financial support to the agricultural cooperative,main grain production households and agricultural service industry.Improve rural labors' technology skill and the public service mechanism of the government.Chapter 4 is the conclusion,which summarizes the main ideas of the paper.