Re-understanding Of The Rural Education Movement In The 1920s And 1930s

The rural education movement,which arose in the 1920s and 1930s,is a social movement aimed at developing rural education,cultivating "agricultural talents",promoting rural construction,and realizing national rejuvenation.rural education pioneers are deeply aware that China's educational system is excessively "ritualistic west",that it is not in line with the actual needs of the country,and even less suited to the natural and man-made disasters at that time,economic bankruptcy,and absolute poverty of peasants and rural areas.China's rural areas,where culture is ridiculous and rural education is poor,so it is urgent to reform it.In the face of such a dilemma,pedagogy people advocate to "go to the people",and form a series of rural education thoughts.At the same time,with the theoretical guidance of practice,nearly 200 rural education experiments have been carried out in the field.Since then,the voice of"constructing the countryside" and "reshaping the rural education" has gradually spread in China,forming a trend of rural education movement.At the same time,the rural education movement is the first attempt to modernize China's rural education,and it is also the first step to promote the modernization of China's rural areas.In the rural education movement,Xingzhi Tao,Shuming Liang,Yanpei Huang,and Yangchu Yan and others took the "education to save the country" as the fundamental goal,trying to start from rural education,improve the quality of farmers,revitalize the rural economy,seek modernization in China's rural areas,and finally realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.In the thinking and practice of reshaping rural education,the pioneers of rural education have touched on many deep-rooted problems of rural development,such as agricultural modernization,rural cooperative autonomy,how rural education returns to rural life,how intellectuals"reform farmers",and so on.And these issues have been deeply explored.This has played a positive role in resolving the difficulties of peasants" life and promoting the development of the rural areas at that time.It has also given some enlightenment to the revitalization of the countryside and the modernization of rural education in China today.Therefore,this paper takes "re-recognition" as the topic,and tries to re-examine the reform and practice of the pioneers of modern rural education with a rational and objective attitude,and reflect on the problems arising in this movement,so as to get the experience and lessons.Then it summarizes the regular understanding of the rural educational reform in China,and then links with the background of rural rejuvenation,and provides wisdom support for revitalizing the countryside and promoting the realization of the modernization of rural education with the reference of the ancient times.The first chapter is the introduction.Firstly,it introduces the reason,research purpose and research significance of this paper.Secondly,it summarizes the existing research results from the horizontal and vertical aspects.Finally,it clarifies the research methods of this paper and defines related concepts.The second chapter mainly discusses the origin of the rural education movement,from its background and the process of its formation and prosperity.First of all,from the national conditions(the domestic situation is chaotic,the national crisis is serious),the rural and the peasants(the rural economy goes bankrupt,the peasants are absolutely poor),the rural culture and education(the rural culture is barren,the rural education is barren),the three dimensions are analyzed layer by layer,striving for in-depth analysis,and showing the background of the rural education movement in an all-round way.Secondly,with the clue of time node and the practice of rural education pioneers,it briefly expounds the formation and prosperity of the rural education movement.In the third chapter,on the basis of analyzing the background of the rural education movement,the author re-recognizes it and summarizes its historical contributions and lessons.This chapter takes the innovation and development of the four dimensions of education value and education concept,implementation subject and education object,education goal and education content,and education mode,and so on.The "four great changes" brought by the rural education movement are abstracted,and the limitations,and lessons of the movement are summarized from the aspects of the class attribute of the pioneers and the current situation of the country.The fourth chapter tries to link the rural education movement with the current rural revitalization strategy.First of all,elaborating on the new requirements of the new era and new strategies for rural education.Secondly,a comparative study on the rural educational modernization development under the rural education movement and the rural revitalization strategy.Finally,on the basis of explaining the realistic predicament of rural education development,it links with the rural education movement in time and space,and draws inspiration from ancient times.