| Rural residential area is the most basic place of production and life,and it is the key to the relationship between people and land in the process of rural development.With the acceleration of urbanization,there is a contradiction between building new and not breaking up the old in the process of the evolution of rural settlements in China.There are a series of problems in the construction of rural settlements,such as the blind construction,and the phenomenon of sporadic,scattered and fragmentation of the layout structure.In this regard,government administrative intervention in the evolution of rural settlements plays an important role in the distribution of rural settlements.The policy of poverty alleviation and relocation,which has been vigorously promoted at the national level during the 13th five-year Plan period,is an important part of the policy of poverty alleviation in our country,aiming at invigorating the soil and water of one side of living.The rural poor population in one-place"area has been relocated and settled,and the implementation of this policy has led to significant changes in the spatial layout of rural settlements.Based on this,on the basis of clarifying the internal mechanism of the evolution process of rural residential areas,this paper takes the rural residential land evolution as the main line of research before and after the relocation of poverty alleviation and relocation,and takes the rural scale rural residential land evolution as the main line of the study.This paper analyzes the spatial evolution characteristics of rural settlements during the period of poverty alleviation and relocation,constructs the evaluation system of comprehensive influence of rural settlements,and puts forward the types of reconstruction of rural settlements according to the score of influence.This plays a positive role in promoting the intensification of land use in rural settlements,improving the ecological environment and ensuring the smooth promotion of rural revitalization strategy.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Before the relocation of Taiping ying Township,the size of rural residential land was 250.7087hm~2,and after relocation(2018),it was 235.0509hm~2,a decrease of15.6578hm~2,with a reduction rate of 6.25%.Using compactness(D)and average fractal dimension(AFD)to describe the morphological evolution characteristics of rural settlements in Taiping ying Township,the overall compact type of Taiping Ying Township is poor at the level of rural area.After relocation(2018),compared with the pre-relocation(2016),the compactness index increased slightly,and the overall settlement pattern showed a benign development;The average fractal dimension index decreased,indicating the patch shape of rural residential areas.Tends to the rule,the complexity weakens;The disequilibrium index(U),concentration index(C)increased after the rural settlement relocation at the rural level,and the rural settlements showed a relatively dispersed characteristic to a more concentrated trend during the period of the relocation of the rural settlements in Taiping ying Township.In terms of the evolution characteristics of the spatial pattern of rural settlements,the paper draws the Voronoi map of rural settlements in Taiping Ying Township under the background of land-changing poverty alleviation and relocation by using two analytical methods of Voronoi map and Cv value of coefficient of variation.In this paper,the dispersion degree of rural settlements is quantificationally analyzed,and the spatial distribution of rural settlements in Taiping Ying Township is divided into cluster type,randomness and uniformity according to the dividing standard of CV value.It was found that the distribution of rural settlements in Taiping ying Township was obvious,and the cluster areas were mainly concentrated on roads,areas along rivers,and the surrounding areas of built-up towns and so on.(2)To clarify the impact of the implementation of the relocation policy on rural settlements on the spatial characteristics of rural settlements,and to introduce the field theory,Brodell bell cover and other western theories into the study of rural settlements,and to evolve the field environment from the rural settlements.The main behavior hypothesis of residential evolution,the equilibrium state of rural field,the break-up of bell cover and the reequilibrium state,construct the new logical framework of rural residential area evolution.The evolution of rural settlements is not only coordinated by the four internal fields(production field,life field,ecological field,invisible field),but also constrained by the external environmental field,in which the external force of the meta-field(government)is strong enough.In the equilibrium state,the hidden bell cover will be broken and a series of rural settlements will evolve to form a new equilibrium state.(3)By constructing the comprehensive index system of rural residential areas and measuring their influence,according to the range of influence scores,this paper puts forward five types of reconstruction:urban expansion type,key development type,steady promotion type,original site reservation type,migration combination type,Among them,the comprehensive influence score of urban extended rural residential areas is?0.7,and the area of rural residential areas is 77.36hm~2;The comprehensive influence score of key development rural settlements is between 0.6and 0.7,and the scale of rural settlements is 88.66hm~2.The comprehensive influence score of steadily promoted rural settlements is between 0.5 and 0.6,and the scale of rural settlements is between 0.5 and 0.6.32.57 hm~2;The score of comprehensive influence of reserved rural residential areas at the original site is between 0.4 and 0.5,and the scale of rural residential areas is 28.11hm~2;The score of comprehensive influence of migration combined rural residential area is S<0.4,and the scale of rural residential area is 8.35hm~2.The countermeasures of reconstruction of residential areas are proposed:to carry out the preparation of land space planning and coordinate the rural layout;Highlight the core content of ecological civilization construction and improve the living environment;Mobilize farmers to participate actively and play the main role;To explore the problems of policies and regulations in rural residential areas,so as to provide reference for policy formulation. |
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