Research On The Development Of Bookshop Industry In Song Dynasty

The Song Dynasty bookshop industry inherited the Tang dynasty's print production,the development of the next one was clear and mature,and it was in the thriving stage of the history of the book workshop for more than 1,300 years.It played an important role in the progress of science and technology to benefit the public.The reason why the book industry can be developed in the Song Dynasty is because of a good social environment.There are four main aspects: First,social stability and economic development.Since the reunification of Song,there have been fewer internal wars in the country.In the initial stage,encourageme nt of reclamation,reduction or exemption of taxation,implementation of a land policy of non-inhibition of mergers and acquisitions,disruption of the market pattern,and development of the commodity economy.Second,emphasize the use of text and suppress the use of books.The ruler reused Wenchen as an important central and local office,gave generous treatment,and had a strong read in the community.He also ordered special people to collect books and compile large-scale books.Third,expand the imperial examinations and promote the prosperity of education.In the Song Dynasty,the number of places in the Imperial Examination system was expanded,and the restrictions on identity were reduced.Ordinary people could also enter careers through the imperial examinations,and education programs also developed.Schools were established throughout the country and the demand for reading increased.Fourth,scientific and technological progress has progressed and production efficiency has improved.Paper production increased,production technology improved,printing technology was upgraded,movable type printing appeared,and marking efficiency was improved.These factors provide a broad market and material basis for the development of the book industry in the Song Dynasty.The development of the book industry in the Song Dynasty is mainly reflected in six aspects: First,the types of engraving are abundant.Print publications such as the imperial examination books,medical books,agricultural books,and popular novels have continued to increase and have enriched people's lives.Second,the style of engraving is novel.The Heikou Middle Line,the mutual aid for graphic and text,the annotation and supplementation,the emphasis on emphasis,and the sign for the brand,which were first used by the bookstore in the Song Dynasty,influenced the later and even today's publishing style.Third,a large number of articles are printed.The bookstore in the Song Dynasty collected and edited the former cultural collections and current cultural collections so that cultural achievements were preserved.Fourth,business concerns demand.In business,bookstore businesspeople pay attention to the needs of society and readers,provide considerate services and economic prices.Fifth,there are various operating channels.The combination of mobile sales,commercial sales,and bookshop sales combined the marketing of books at home and abroad.Sixth,four carved book centers are formed.The bookstores gathered in the political center and the literary gathering place to form the four engraving centers of Chengdu,Kaifeng,Lin'an and Jianyang,which promoted the popularization of local culture and education and the training of talents.The book industry development in the Song Dynasty has had a positive effect on society.First,supplement the official engraving.Bookstore industry has made useful additions to official engravings in terms of manpower,material resources,and types of engraving to meet people's diverse spiritual needs.Second,preserve cultural achievements.The publishing of the previous generations and contemporary collections by the book industry in the Song Dynasty enabled us today to see ancient poems and feel the cultural life of our predecessors.Third,promote the development of poets in rivers and lakes.The combination of the bookstore merchants and literati promoted the prosperity of the rivers and lakes poetry in the middle and late period of the Southern Song Dynasty.Fourth,promote cultural communication and exchange.A variety of sales methods,books are exported to overseas,the Chinese culture spread to Japan,Southeast Asia and other countries,to enhance the learning and exchanges between countries.Fifth,it helps to train local talents.The development of the book industry and the prosperity of the imperial examinations complement each other and promote each other.The large number of books produced not only satisfies the needs of readers,but also stimulates people to read books,which affects the local cultural atmosphere to a certain extent and promotes the training of local talents.Of course,there are also some drawbacks in the development of the book industry in the Song Dynasty.However,the positive significance of its cultural dissemination,popularization of education,and satisfying the spiritual needs of the general public is greater than its negative impact.It is an important part of the development of the ancient book industry.