Song Dynasty's Policy Of "Advocating Culture" And The Development Of Book Industry In This Period

Book industry in Song Dynasty had unprecedentedly flourished, which made extraordinary achievements in collecting and preserving old books, editing and writing new books, and publishing. We observe book industry in Song Dynasty from the culture background, deeply analyze the impact made by the "Advocating culture" policy implemented by Song government in order to reveal the motive and necessity of book culture's development and prosperity in this historical period.The article includes three sections.In the first part, we clarify Song Government's policy of "advocating culture". First, we briefly analyze the social and historical reasons of the Song Dynasty's cultural policies, which concentrating on the national policy of "Inhibiting force and Advocating culture" established by the early Song rulers. The Song government further improved its civil service system in order to inhibit force. And then focuses on the implementation of the Song government policies, including reforming the imperial examination system, establishing of school education, respecting Confucius and advocating Confucianism, attaching importance to the Confucianism, Buddhism and Tao simultaneously, giving privilege to Confucian, etc.In the second part, we describe Song government's book policy. We clarify a series of specific policies and measures implemented by Song government, for the purpose of promoting the book industry. The policies include collecting books for the purpose of enriching the collection of national library, strengthening and improving library collection management system, cataloging and collating for national library collection, advocating writing and editing books, promoting block Printing, strengthening censorship management system, punishing the publication of illegal acts.In the third part, we discuss the impact on book industry made by Song government's policies. The main four aspects to be analyzed as follows: First of all, we clarify that reform of the civil service exam and establishment of schools which promoted educational and cultural prosperity, led to growing social audience, largely increased a social requirement for books. Secondly, we describe the promotion to the development of cultural and academic prosperity made by educational and cultural prosperity, which enriched the book's content and provided abundant material for writers. Thirdly, we describe the progression of civil service system and the implementation of the reform of the civil service exam which formed a large writers' class. In addition, in Song Dynasty, the relaxed atmosphere of literature created so many talented people in a series of books. Last but not least, we describe the situation of unprecedented prosperity under the Song Government's policy of "Advocating culture".