| The term "neutralization" in linguistics originated from phonology.Kristl definited that "neutralization" is " referring to the opposition of phonemes disappearing in some environment."Later,some scholars introduced it into the study of semantic grammar,and formed "semantic neutralization",which means that when the original opposite semantics appear in the certain context,the semantic opposition disappears.In this investigation,the aforementioned phenomenon has been found existing in some discourse markers in modern Chinese also.This article selects three sets of discourse markers as the main research objects,such as "wo shuo/nishuo",which is determined to the person neutralization,"zhege/nage" denotes the reference neutralization and"bushi/jiushi" is referred to the neutralization of affirmation and negation.This article includes a total of five chapters as follows:The first chapter is the introduction which mainly introduces the definition of the semantic neutralization of discourse markers,the research content of this paper,the status quo of research at home and abroad,the research methods and the source of the corpus of this article.The second chapter mainly investigates the discourse markers "woshuo/nishuo",which are evolved from the subject-predicate structure gradually,and eventually become the standard discourse markers with the enhancement of their internal connections.This article investigates and analyzes the discourse markers in terms of the grammars,the semantics and the pragmatics,and illustrates the semantic neutralization phenomenon of these discourse markers.The third chapter researches the discourse markers of "zhege/nage".The pronoun meanings of "zhege/nage" are grammaticalized to the conjunctions with the connection meanings,and with weakening of the pronoun meanings,"zhege/nage" gradually change to the discourse markers which only have the textual functions.This part also analyzes neutralization phenomenon of the discourse markers from the grammars,the semantics and the pragmatics during their formations and evolutions,and confirms the condition of the semantic neutralization phenomenon.The forth chapter investigates the discourse markers "bushi/jiushi","bushi" is not only used as the negative word and noun,but also as the rhetorical modal particle,remains the rhetorical meanings and functions of the rhetorical modal particle as the discourse marker and is used for expressing reminder and confirmation;and "jiushi"is the adverb which is used to represent some confirmation ranges,reject others,and eventually become the same discourse marker as "bushi".This part analyzes the semantic neutralization phenomenon in terms of the perspective of basic usage,structural generalization and discourse marker transformation in the corpus.The fifth chapter concludes the above three chapters and summarizes a series of discourse markers which generate semantic neutralization.Finally,the existing theory is used to explain the mechanism of semantic neutralization and summarizes the commonalities and laws behind discourse semantics and semantic phenomena in essence.That is,if the semantic neutralization occurs on two discourse markers,these markers are usually located at the beginning of the sentences,and do not form any grammar units with the adjacent elements.Furthermore,their own vocabulary meanings are totally grammaticalized,and do not influence the truth condition of sentences when they are omitted.In addition,these discourse markers have the communicative function and textual function in terms of the pragmatics.The research on the neutrality phenomenon of the discourse markers in this part of dissertation is not systematic.The discovery of semantic neutralization is also a bridge of connection between semantic research and pragmatic research,which can avoid the discourse markers from being single to study.These discourse markers are the same in the syntactics,semantics and pragmatics when the semantic neutralization occurs,that is,the common mechanisms exhibit in various aspects.This article not only generalize the occurrence of semantic neutralization,but also puts some column discourse markers under the same framework,which gave a normal form to the understand the semantic neutralization of discourse markers. |
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