Research On Benzhaitunpu Settlement And Its Building Types In Anshun, Guizhou

In the early Ming dynasty,the Ming court carried out the land system in GuiZhou,and a large number of the Han nationality moved to GuiZhou in later generations,and their descendants multiplied and lived here,forming the Tunpu settlement gradually.The Tunpu settlement developed a unique tunpu settlement culture by inheriting the original cultural characteristics of the Han nationality region and combining with the regional culture of guizhou.In the process of rapid urbanization in China today,the hollowing out of traditional Tunpu settlements is intensified,and their historical values are ignored.Historical buildings cannot be protected as they should be,and traditional Tunpu settlement culture is at risk of loss.Therefore,exploring the cultural value of t Tunpu settlement and its protection and development strategy has become an urgent task in the process of China’s social development,which has very important practical significance and academic value.The research topic of this paper is"classification characteristics and historical evolution of the folk dwellings in Benzhai village,anshun,guizhou".Taking Benzhai Tunbao settlement in Yunfeng area,anshun,guizhou province as the main research object,the spatial layout,defense system,architectural function,construction technology and decorative art characteristics of the settlement were studied in depth through field visits and investigations,combined with the architectural surveying and mapping data and historical documents of the residential buildings in the village.This paper firstly sorts out the basic characteristics of the settlement space of Benzhai,and puts forward the dual spatial structure form of"residence--temple" of the local village dwellings.The independent defense construction system of the village is analyzed,and it is revealed that the village is a group joint defense based on defense units,with multiple defense levels such as hilltop fortifications,village walls and watchtowers,streets,doorways and bullet holes.The evolution course of the local stockaded village is revealed through the study of the defensive characteristics.In terms of functional types,there are three types of buildings in the village:folk houses,diaolou and temples.This paper takes the residential buildings as the core,and divides the traditional local village residential buildings into four architectural forms:single-block building in the south,enclosed courtyard,large courtyard and multiple courtyard.This paper analyzes the characteristics of local dwellings in the early and middle qing dynasty,the late qing dynasty and the republic of China,and summarizes the main factors which can affect the development of local housing.In terms of construction technology,this paper systematically summarizes the design and construction process of Tunbao housing.This paper analyzes the construction characteristics of wooden frame,stone foundation,stone wall,roof and hanging gate.In terms of decorative art,the decorative characteristics and forms of the foundation,Windows and hanging doors of the folk houses in village are studied in depth,and the characteristics of the decoration of the folk houses in this village,such as unbalanced distribution,unbalanced process application,emphasis on lines and light color,are summarized.