| To the world,water is the source of the world.For a country,water is the guarantee of its healthy and civilized development.However,the problem of water shortage has attracted the attention of all countries in the world.According to relevant data,about 1 billion people in the world are in the plight of water shortage,and according to reasonable projections,700 million people will have to leave their homes because of water shortage in 2025.China’s water shortage problem is also extremely serious,compared with the world average level,China is only a quarter of them.At present,the lack of water resources has aroused public concern.On the one hand,it is due to the change of natural climate;on the other hand,it is due to the unreasonable natural activities of human beings and the lack of effective management of water resources that the water resources are seriously polluted and also undrinkable,resulting in the serious situation of water resources shortage.Nowadays,water for survival,living and production cannot be satisfied,which leads to frequent water poverty in many regions of the country.Although,Hubei province has well-known as the”province of thousands of lakes",but the province accounts for only 3.5%of the national water resources,because of a fairly large population base,so the region’s per capita water resources quantity is about 1732 cubic meters,only with the national per capita level also,there is a big gap compared with other parts of the country,the region’s per capita water resources in a low level.The international community has set a warning line of 1,700 cubic meters per capita for severe water shortage,which shows that the per capita water resources in this region are extremely close to that.Although there is a large amount of water flowing through the Hubei province every year,even as high as 633.8 billion cubic meters,such amount of water has not alleviated the water poverty in Hubei province,mainly because it cannot be used effectively.In addition,such large amount of water may cause floods in Hubei.In addition,due to the large gap in the topography,landform and climate of each region in Hubei province,the distribution of water resources in different regions is uneven,which leads to the failure of water supply to rural areas.And the contradiction in water supply is quite prominent.In addition,limited water resources,but also threatened by the pollution,local pollution is quite serious.In order to deeply study the water poverty problem in Hubei province and put forward corresponding solutions,so as to realize the full utilization of water resources in China and promote the healthy and civilized development of ecological civilization and environmental friendliness in China.Based on the study of water balance issue before,there are outstanding achievements of water poverty research carried on the thorough analysis on foreign literature,and combined with the actual situation of water poverty in our country,it can be learned the knowledge of water poverty,analysis of scientific and reasonable evaluation index system,specific content as follows:the connotation,characteristic,classification,instructional theory and evaluation index system of water poverty,etc.In order to successfully solve the problem of horizontal poverty,it is necessary to make a specific analysis of the specific situation of the whole area.Firstly,it is necessary to understand the quality of rural water resources,geographical location and the characteristics of the economic development of each region.On this basis,it is also necessary to conduct in-depth research and analysis of the current water conservancy projects.Finally,the overall balance of water poverty in Hubei province will be the main research object of this paper,analysis of the root causes of water poverty in Hubei province,in-depth analysis of the status quo.In order to fully understand the root cause of water poverty in Hubei province,this paper analyzes the structure of water resources in the region,explores its functions and characteristics,and develops a scientific and reasonable calculation system based on the actual situation.The system includes five indicators in total,namely,utilization level,management capacity,water supply route,ecological environment,resource monitoring,etc.In order to make the calculated results consistent with the actual situation,the analytic hierarchy process is also used in the calculation process to give different weights to each index.On this basis,the water poverty index method(WPI)was used to calculate the water poverty index values of 17 cities and states in Hubei province from 2013 to 2017.Results show that the degree of water poverty in each administrative area in Hubei province from 2013 to 2017,WPI into rising trend,water get alleviating poverty,from impoverished economy evaluation index system,the economic as a whole shows an upward trend,in the coupling of water poverty and economic poverty,except in 2016,Hubei province as a whole in the stage of highly coupled,and water poverty and economic poverty are in reluctant coordination relationship,water poverty lags behind,just can take the improvement of economic poverty;In 2016,Hubei province as a whole was in the moderate coupling stage,and the water poverty and economic poverty were not coordinated,the water poverty was seriously lagging behind,and could bear the improvement of economic poverty in the short term.In view of this,this paper proposes to provide policy incentives and economic incentives for efficient water use and sewage treatments,to select appropriate policy combinations according to local conditions,to alleviate economic poverty through rational allocation of scarce water resources,and to develop water resources management industry and improve the quality of poverty alleviation through water rights trading and other measures. |
